alarmed
警戒した
解説 Definition
「alarmed」は形容詞として「警戒した」「驚いた」「不安になった」という意味を持ち、何か危険や問題を感じて心配している状態を表す。動詞「alarm」の過去分詞でもあり、「警報を鳴らされた」という受動的な意味でも使われる。予期しない悪い知らせや危険な状況に直面したときの感情的な反応を示す。
Alarmed describes someone who has become suddenly worried, frightened, or alert because something appears dangerous or seriously wrong. As the past participle of alarm, it can also indicate that a person was caused to feel this concern.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
alarm に -ed が付いた過去分詞由来の形容詞。語末 /m/ は有声音なので -ed は /d/ と発音し、alarm /əˈlɑːrm/ から alarmed /əˈlɑːrmd/ となる。be alarmed by/at「〜に不安・危険を感じる」を定型で覚え、単なる surprise より、悪い兆候への強い心配や警戒を含む点を押さえる。
Begin with the verb alarm and add -ed to form alarmed. Because alarm ends in the voiced sound /m/, the ending is pronounced /d/, giving /əˈlɑːrmd/ rather than an extra syllable. Learn the patterns be alarmed by and be alarmed at: parents may be alarmed by a missing child, and a doctor may be alarmed at a sudden change. Unlike merely surprised, alarmed normally includes fear, serious concern, or awareness of possible danger. The historical association with a call to arms reinforces this warning response.
例文
The parents were alarmed when their child did not come home by midnight.
子供が深夜までに帰宅しなかったとき、親たちは警戒した。
She looked alarmed when she heard the loud explosion outside the building.
建物の外で大きな爆発音が聞こえたとき、彼女は驚いた様子だった。
The doctor was alarmed by the sudden change in the patient's condition.
医師は患者の状態の急激な変化に警戒した。
alarmed の類義語・関連語
alarmed の語源・成り立ち Etymology
alarmed は alarm に形容詞的な -ed が付いた語で、alarm はフランス語 alarme を経て、イタリア語 all'arme!「武器を取れ」にさかのぼります。つまり“武装を促す叫び”が語源なので、危険を感じて警戒した状態を表します。関連語は arm, disarm。
Alarmed is formed from alarm plus the participial ending -ed. Alarm entered English through French alarme and ultimately reflects the Italian warning cry all’arme, literally “to arms!” A command to prepare weapons naturally became associated with a warning of danger and then with the fear or concern caused by such a warning. As an adjective, alarmed describes the resulting emotional state; as a participle, it retains its connection to the verb alarm.
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