チャツネ
解説 Definition
chutney は、果物や野菜、香辛料などで作るインド系の調味料を意味します。日本語の「チャツネ」とほぼ同じですが、英語ではカレー用だけでなく、肉料理やチーズに添える甘辛いソースも指します。
A chutney is a thick condiment made by cooking or combining fruit or vegetables with spices, sugar, and often vinegar. It may be sweet, spicy, or sour and is commonly served with curry, meat, or cheese.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
日本語でも「チャツネ」と呼ぶので、mango chutney や apple chutney の形で覚えます。カレー専用ではなく、果物・野菜・香辛料から作り、肉やチーズにも添える甘味・辛味・酸味のある調味料です。jam より香辛料が利き、relish に近い用途もある点を結び付けましょう。
Connect chutney with familiar combinations such as mango chutney and apple chutney. Picture a spoonful beside curry, meat, or cheese, rather than limiting it to Indian curry alone. Its fruit or vegetable base may suggest jam, but chutney typically contains savory spices and often vinegar, giving it a sweet, hot, and sour balance. It can also serve a role similar to relish. Remember the practical pattern “serve chutney with something,” which captures both its identity as a condiment and its usual place at the table.
例文
She served mango chutney with the curry.
彼女はカレーにマンゴーチャツネを添えました。
This chutney is sweet, spicy, and a little sour.
このチャツネは甘くて辛く、少し酸味があります。
The restaurant makes its own chutney from apples and spices.
そのレストランはリンゴと香辛料で自家製のチャツネを作っています。
chutney の類義語・関連語
chutney の語源・成り立ち Etymology
chutney は英語がヒンディー語 chatni／caṭnī から借りた語で、さらに caṭnā「なめる」に結びつくとされます。もとは「なめて味わう薬味」という感覚で、果物や香辛料を濃く混ぜた調味料を指すのが自然に理解できます。関連形は chatni、chatna。
English borrowed chutney from Hindi chatni or caṭnī, the name of a seasoned condiment. The Hindi noun is traditionally connected with caṭnā, meaning “to lick,” suggesting something flavorful enough to be licked or savored. Spellings such as chatni reflect transliteration differences rather than distinct English foods. In English, the borrowed word broadened to include numerous cooked or fresh fruit-and-vegetable condiments, including varieties developed outside South Asia.
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