conning
詐欺 / 操舵
解説 Definition
conning は con（だます、詐欺を働く）または con（船を操舵する、指揮する）の動名詞・現在分詞です。一般には詐欺行為を指すことが多いですが、海事では操舵や船の指揮という意味でも使われます。
Conning is the act of deceiving someone into giving, believing, or doing something, usually for dishonest gain. In specialized nautical use, it can instead mean directing or controlling the course of a ship.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
conning は原形 con の短母音を保つため n を重ねて -ing を付けた形で、発音は /ˈkɒnɪŋ/ または /ˈkɑːnɪŋ/ です。一般には con someone into doing の「人をだます」、海事では con a ship の「船を指揮・操舵する」。fake tickets と ship のような目的語で二つの語義を判別しましょう。
Begin with the verb con and double the final n before adding -ing: con becomes conning. The doubled consonant helps preserve the short vowel, pronounced /ˈkɒnɪŋ/ or /ˈkɑːnɪŋ/. Remember two separate uses through their objects. Conning passengers with fake tickets clearly means deceiving them, while conning a ship through a narrow channel is the specialized nautical sense of directing its movement. In ordinary conversation, the deception sense is far more likely. Patterns such as “con someone into doing something” help distinguish it from the maritime construction “con a ship.”
例文
The police investigated the conning of elderly residents.
警察は高齢住民への詐欺行為を調査しました。
Conning passengers with fake tickets is a serious crime.
偽の切符で乗客をだますことは重大な犯罪です。
The officer was responsible for conning the ship through the narrow channel.
その士官は狭い水路で船を操舵する責任を負っていました。
conning の類義語・関連語
conning の語源・成り立ち Etymology
二つの語源を持つ。詐欺の意では古英語cunnan（知る）から派生したcon（信用詐欺）の動名詞形。操舵の意ではフランス語conduire（導く）の短縮形conn/conから。関連語: cunning（狡猾な）, conduct。「知る→騙す」と「導く→操舵する」という異なる経路で同じ形になった興味深い語。
Conning is the -ing form of two distinct verbs spelled con. In the common sense “deceive,” con is associated with confidence tricks and the noun confidence man, although its history also intersects with older uses of con. The nautical verb con, meaning to direct a ship’s course, developed separately and is connected with conduct and the idea of guiding. The spelling rule doubles final n before -ing.
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