相関のある
解説 Definition
correlated は「相関のある」という意味の形容詞です。二つ以上の変数や事象について、一方の変化に伴って他方も変化する傾向があることを表します。
If two or more variables or phenomena are correlated, they show a systematic relationship in which changes in one tend to accompany changes in another. The term describes association and does not by itself establish that either one causes the other.
使い方 Usage
- A is correlated with B で「AはBと相関がある」。関連する相手を with で示します。 Use A is correlated with B to say that A and B have a systematic relationship. With introduces the related variable or phenomenon.
- highly／strongly correlated は「強く相関した」、positively／negatively correlated は「正／負の相関がある」です。 Highly or strongly correlated describes a strong association. Positively correlated and negatively correlated specify positive and negative associations.
使い分け Common distinctions
- correlated は関連を示し、causal は因果関係を示します。相関があることだけでは、一方が他方の原因だとは言えません。 Correlated describes association; causal describes a cause-and-effect relationship. Correlation alone does not establish that one factor causes the other.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
correlate「相関する・相関させる」に d を付けた形容詞で、-ed は /ɪd/ と発音します。二つの測定値が関連するパターンで変化する様子を思い浮かべましょう。
Start with correlate, “show or establish a relationship,” and add d to form correlated. The -ed ending is pronounced /ɪd/. Picture two measurements changing in a related pattern.
例文
Height and weight are correlated variables in most populations.
身長と体重は、ほとんどの集団において相関のある変数です。
The study found that stress levels were highly correlated with sleep quality.
その研究では、ストレスの程度が睡眠の質と強く相関していることが分かりました。
correlated の類義語・関連語
correlated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
correlated は correlate の過去分詞形で、語の核は cor-「共に」+ relation 系の「結びつける」です。relation はラテン語 relatio／relatus「運び返す・関連づける」にさかのぼるので、つまり「一緒に関係づけられた」から「相関のある」となり、relation や relative も関連語です。
Correlated is the past participle of correlate. Correlate was formed from Latin elements conveying reciprocal or joint relation: cor-, a form of com- meaning “together,” and words related to relatio, “a bringing back” or “relation,” from referre, “to carry back.” The adjective therefore presents things as related together. Its modern statistical use refers to variables whose values vary in an associated pattern, without necessarily implying a cause-and-effect connection.
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