downstream
意味一覧 (2件)
下流の
解説 Definition
名詞の前で、町・農地・施設・地域などが基準点より川下側に位置することを示す形容詞です。downstream communities のように、ダム、工場、橋などから見た位置関係を説明し、環境被害や洪水リスクを語る文脈で目立ちます。
As an adjective, downstream describes a town, area, farm, facility, or other place that is located farther along a river, below a particular point. It is often used before a noun, as in downstream communities or downstream villages. This word is common when people talk about floods, dams, factories, pollution, or other situations where the position below something on a river matters.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
形容詞では downstream が名詞に貼りつき、「流れの先にある〜」というラベルになります。downstream town なら、町そのものが川下側にあるという位置の説明です。副詞のように動きを追うのではなく、地図上で基準点から水の進む向きへ目を移し、そこにある対象を修飾すると考えると区別しやすいです。
As an adjective, downstream attaches directly to a noun and works like a label meaning "located farther along the flow." In downstream town, the town itself is on the lower part of the river. Think of looking at a map from a dam or bridge and moving your eyes in the direction the water goes until you reach the place being described.
例文
The downstream villages were warned about the rise in water after the dam opened its gates.
ダムが放流したあと、水位上昇について下流の村々に警告が出された。
Farmers in the downstream area worried that the chemical spill would reach their fields.
下流の地域の農家は、その化学物質の流出が自分たちの畑に達するのではないかと心配した。
Researchers compared water quality at the bridge and in downstream neighborhoods.
研究者たちは、その橋の地点と下流の地域で水質を比較した。
下流
(意味 2)解説 Definition
川の流れに沿った下流側を、方向または位置として示す副詞です。flow downstream のように自然な流れの向きを述べるほか、be located downstream from ... の形で「〜より下流に」と基準点との関係を補足します。
Downstream means in the direction that a river or stream flows. It can also be used more generally for a later stage in a process, system, or chain of events. The opposite idea is upstream.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
この用法では、文中で downstream が動詞の後ろに来て、流れの中での到達先や配置を短く添える働きをします。The river flows downstream なら川の自然な進行方向、village is located downstream from the dam ならダムを起点に見た川下の位置です。「下流へ」と訳す動きの感覚と、「下流に」と訳す位置の感覚が同じ語でつながっています。
Break it into `down` + `stream`. Picture water moving along a river, and imagine something carried farther in that same direction. Also remember the pattern `downstream from`, which helps you connect the word with place as well as movement.
例文
The pollution spreads downstream from the factory.
汚染は工場から下流へ広がる。
The fishing village is located downstream from the dam.
漁村はダムから下流に位置している。
The river flows downstream toward the ocean.
川は下流へ向かって海に流れ込む。
downstream の語源・成り立ち Etymology
downstream は down「下へ」と stream「流れ」から成る英語の複合語です。水が流れていく方向を基準に、場所を表す形容詞「下流の」へ広がりました。
Downstream is a compound of down and stream. It originally referred to the direction in which water moves, and later came to describe places that are located on the lower part of a river.
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