draco
ドラコ
解説 Definition
ドラコとは、古代アテネの政治家で、厳格な法律を制定したことで知られています。彼の名前は、極めて厳しい法律や処罰を意味する言葉として現代でも使用されています。
Draco was an ancient Athenian lawgiver traditionally associated with Athens's first written legal code and with exceptionally severe punishments. His name is the source of draconian, an adjective describing laws or measures considered excessively harsh.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
Draco は古代アテネで厳罰的な法典と結び付く人物名で、固有名詞なので大文字にします。Draco's laws、Draco's code の形で覚え、そこから派生した draconian「苛酷な」とつなげましょう。dragon と同系の古い「大蛇」の語にさかのぼりますが、人物の語義では星座の Draco と混同せず、法律史の文脈を手掛かりにします。
Remember Draco through the fixed historical connection Draco’s laws: he was the ancient Athenian lawgiver whose code became famous for severe punishments. From his name comes draconian, now used for rules, penalties, or measures that are extremely harsh. This direct word-family link is more reliable than a sound-based trick. Draco is also the Latin name of a dragon-shaped constellation, but the examples here concern the person, so look for legal and Athenian context. Capitalization also matters because Draco is a proper name, while draconian is normally a lowercase adjective.
例文
Draco's laws were known for their severity.
ドラコの法律はその厳しさで知られていました。
Ancient Athens was ruled by Draco's strict code.
古代アテネはドラコの厳格な法典によって統治されていました。
The term 'draconian' comes from Draco's harsh legislation.
『ドラコニアン』という言葉はドラコの厳しい法律に由来します。
draco の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
draco の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語dracō（大蛇）を直接の語源とし、「鋭く見る」意のギリシャ語drákōnに遡ります。「-ō」は名詞語尾です。同一語根のdragon（竜）やdraconian（過酷な）は、蛇の鋭い眼光と威圧的なイメージから派生しており、星座名や法用語の厳しい響きにも納得できます。
The English form Draco follows Latin Draco, corresponding to ancient Greek Drakōn, the name of the Athenian lawgiver. Greek drakōn also meant a large serpent or dragon and is related to a verb associated with seeing or watching sharply. The same ancient word ultimately lies behind English dragon. The adjective draconian, however, developed specifically from Draco's reputation for severe legislation, not directly from the frightening image of a dragon.
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