expense
意味一覧 (2件)
経費
解説 Definition
会社や事業、税務で、収入を得るために使った支出として記録される「経費」です。領収書を添えて精算したり、帳簿で分類したりする対象で、私的な出費よりも業務上認められる支払というニュアンスが中心です。
An expense is money that you spend, or a cost that must be paid. It is often used in business, travel, and everyday life for things like fees, bills, and necessary purchases. The plural form expenses is especially common.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
一般名詞の expense が「出ていくお金」なら、この語義はその中でも会社や会計の枠に入る支出です。expense account は経費勘定、file an expense は経費申請、deduct expenses は税務上の控除を思い浮かべると定着します。ポイントは、払った事実だけでなく、証明・分類・精算されるお金だということです。
Expense often appears in business phrases, so remember it as a word from forms and reports, not casual shopping. Learn it in chunks like "business expense," "travel expense," and "expense report." That makes it easier to separate from simple words like cost or price.
例文
The company reimbursed all travel expenses for the conference.
会社はカンファレンスのすべての旅行経費を払い戻しました。
I need to track my daily expenses for budgeting.
予算管理のために毎日の経費を追跡する必要があります。
Medical expenses have become a significant burden.
医療経費は大きな負担になりました。
犠牲、代償
(意味 2)解説 Definition
この意味の expense は、お金の「経費」ではなく、何かを得るために別の人や物が被る不利益や損失を表す。特に at the expense of ... や at someone's expense の形で、人の健康・利益・評判・感情などを犠牲にする文脈でよく使う。
In this sense, expense does not mean money you pay for something. It means a loss, sacrifice, or disadvantage that happens so that someone can gain something else. It is often used in phrases like at the expense of someone's health, feelings, or reputation, or at someone's expense when one person suffers and another benefits or laughs.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
expense は「外へ量り出す」という語感をもつラテン語系の語から来て、支払う費用から「何かを得るために払う犠牲・代償」へ広がります。at the expense of は「〜を犠牲にして」の定番表現です。cost より結果として失うものに焦点があり、money だけでなく health や freedom にも使えます。
Think of expense as something you must spend or give up to get something else. The root is related to spend, so the word can remind you of a cost that goes out from you. In phrases like at the expense of his health, the "expense" is the sacrifice or loss.
例文
He built his career at the expense of his family life.
彼は家庭生活を犠牲にしてキャリアを築いた。
The company increased profits at the expense of worker safety.
その会社は労働者の安全を代償にして利益を増やした。
Everyone laughed at Tom's expense during the meeting.
会議中、みんながトムを犠牲にするような形で笑った。
expense の類義語・関連語
expense の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 expendere（支払う）から古フランス語 expense を経て英語に。ex-（外へ）+ pendere（量る・支払う）で「外へ量り出すもの＝出費」。関連語: spend（使う）、expenditure（支出）。お金を外に出す行為が費用の本質。
Expense came through French from Latin expensa, from expendere, meaning "to pay out" or "weigh out." The parts ex- "out" and pendere "to weigh" suggest something measured out and sent away. Over time, this became the idea of money going out, then the cost itself. Related words include spend and expenditure.
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