hives
蕁麻疹
解説 Definition
hives は hive（巣箱、蜂の巣）の複数形ですが、医学的には「蕁麻疹」という意味で使われます。この意味では、皮膚にかゆみのある赤いふくらみが出る状態を表します。
Hives is a skin reaction in which raised, often red or pale, itchy swellings suddenly appear on the body. It can be caused by an allergic reaction or by other triggers and is usually treated as a plural noun.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
皮膚症状の hives は通常複数形で、get hives「蕁麻疹が出る」、break out in hives「急に蕁麻疹が出る」と覚えます。蜂の巣を表す hive の複数形と綴りは同じですが、この語義では個々の「巣」ではなく、かゆい赤い膨らみが広がる症状全体を指します。
Learn the medical meaning through the fixed expressions get hives and break out in hives. They describe the sudden appearance of raised, itchy patches on the skin, often after food, medicine, or another trigger. The spelling is identical to the plural of hive, meaning a home for bees, but the meanings should be kept separate: medical hives names a skin condition rather than several structures. The formal medical term urticaria can reinforce the distinction when you meet the word in health-related writing.
例文
She got hives after eating the nuts.
彼女はナッツを食べたあと蕁麻疹が出ました。
The medicine helped reduce the hives.
その薬で蕁麻疹が少し治まりました。
If the hives spread quickly, you should call a doctor.
蕁麻疹が急に広がる場合は、医師に連絡したほうがよいです。
hives の類義語・関連語
hives の語源・成り立ち Etymology
日常語 hives 自体の起源は不確かですが、医学語 urticaria は新ラテン語で、ラテン語 urtica『イラクサ』に由来します。イラクサに触れたような赤い腫れとかゆみを表す名だと分かると、蕁麻疹の意味が腑に落ちます。関連語は urticaria, urticarial.
The origin of hives as the everyday name for this rash is uncertain, so it should not be explained simply as a reference to bees or beehives. Its formal medical equivalent, urticaria, comes through New Latin from Latin urtica, meaning “nettle.” That formation compares the itchy, raised skin reaction with the irritation caused by touching nettles. In modern English, hives is conventionally used in the plural form for the condition.
同じレベルの英単語をもっと
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう