break out
break out は英検2級・英検準1級レベルの英単語で、「勃発する、逃げ出す、脱出する、急に始める、発疹・汗が出る」という意味があります。発音記号は /ˈbreɪk ˈaʊt/ です。
意味一覧 (5件)
勃発する
解説 Definition
戦争や病気などが突然発生すること。勃発すること。
To break out means to begin suddenly, especially for something serious or uncontrolled such as a war, fire, disease, or fight. It is used when an event starts quickly and often unexpectedly. The phrase can also be used for skin problems, but that depends on context.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
この意味の break out は、事件や火事、戦争、病気などが抑えられずに一気に表面へ出るイメージです。break は「破る」、out は「外へ」なので、静かな状態を破って出来事が外に噴き出すと考えると覚えやすいです。基本義の「逃げ出す」と同じ方向感はありますが、ここでは人が脱走するのではなく、fire, war, fight, disease などの深刻な出来事が突然始まる意味です。
`Break out` suggests something breaking a barrier and coming out fast. That is why it is often used for sudden, serious events like war, fire, or disease. It feels more sudden and stronger than just `start`.
例文
A fire broke out in the factory during the night.
夜中に工場で火災が発生した。
War broke out between the two countries in 1939.
1939年に二国間で戦争が勃発した。
A fight broke out among the fans after the game.
試合後にファンの間で喧嘩が勃発した。
逃げ出す
(意味 2)解説 Definition
牢屋・建物・危険な場所など、閉じ込められたり制限されたりした場所から逃げ出すことを表します。人や動物が力ずくで外へ出る場面で使われ、prisoner broke out のように「脱走する」に近い響きがあります。日常の比喩より、実際の拘束や監禁から抜ける文脈が中心です。
Break out means to escape from a place where someone or something is being kept or trapped, such as a prison, a room, or another dangerous place. It is often used when a person or animal gets out by force or by breaking through some kind of barrier. This phrasal verb is mainly used for real situations of control, confinement, or captivity, not for casual everyday movement. It is commonly followed by of to name the place, as in break out of prison or break out of a cage.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
break は「壊す・破る」、out は「外へ」。break out は、壁や鍵などの境界を破って外に出る絵で覚えると、牢屋・部屋・囲いから「逃げ出す」意味につながります。escape より句動詞らしく、break out of prison/jail/the room のように of で出てくる場所を示すのが定番です。別義の「勃発する」は、火事や戦争が外へ噴き出す比喩的な広がりと考えると区別できます。
Think of break as "smash" or "break through" and out as "to the outside." If you picture someone breaking a wall, lock, or fence and getting outside, it is easy to remember why break out means "escape." A common pattern is break out of prison, break out of jail, or break out of a room, where of shows the place someone escapes from. To avoid confusing it with the other meaning "begin suddenly," remember that this sense has a strong image of forcing your way out.
例文
Two prisoners broke out of jail during the night.
二人の囚人が夜の間に牢屋から逃げ出した。
The dog managed to break out of the cage before anyone noticed.
その犬は誰にも気づかれる前におりから逃げ出した。
Several people tried to break out of the burning building through a side door.
数人が脇のドアから燃えている建物を逃げ出そうとした。
脱出する
(意味 3)解説 Definition
閉じ込められている場所や監視のある場所から外へ出ることを表す。特に刑務所、収容所、学校、会議などから、許可なく突然抜け出す文脈で使う。物理的な脱出が中心で、計画的な逃走にも衝動的な脱走にも使える。
To break out means to leave a place where you are being kept or watched, often without permission. It is commonly used for escaping from places such as prisons, camps, schools, or meetings. The phrase usually suggests a sudden or forceful escape, whether it is carefully planned or done on impulse.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
break out は「中に閉じ込められていたものが、break で境界を破って out へ出る」と置くと覚えやすいです。そこから、暴動・戦争・火事・感染症などが抑えきれず表に出て一気に始まる感覚につながります。break out in the city, war broke out, a fire broke out のように、突然の発生と相性がよく、start よりも不意で深刻な出来事に寄りやすい表現です。似た形の break into は「押し入る」、break down は「故障する・崩れる」なので混同に注意。
Think of break out as something trapped inside that breaks through a boundary and comes out. This image helps you remember the escape meaning first. From the same idea, English also uses break out for things like war, fire, or disease when they suddenly appear and spread. Be careful not to confuse it with break into, which means "enter by force," or break down, which means "stop working" or "collapse."
例文
Two prisoners tried to break out during the night.
二人の囚人が夜の間に脱出しようとした。
The boys broke out of the boarding school and ran to the station.
その少年たちは全寮制の学校を抜け出し、駅まで走った。
She felt trapped in the meeting and wanted to break out before it ended.
彼女は会議で身動きが取れない気がして、終わる前に抜け出したかった。
急に始める
(意味 4)解説 Definition
笑い、拍手、歌、涙などが抑えきれず、急に始まるときに使う。break out laughing のように、感情や反応が一気に表に出る感じが強い。個人にも集団にも使え、自然発生的で突然のニュアンスがある。
Break out is used when something begins suddenly and cannot be held back, such as laughter, applause, singing, or tears. It often shows that a feeling or reaction appears all at once in a natural, uncontrolled way. It can be used for one person or for a whole group. The expression also has a strong sense of sudden appearance, especially with events like war, fire, or disease.
例文
The whole class broke out laughing when the teacher made a joke.
先生が冗談を言うと、クラス全体が急に笑い出した。
Applause broke out as soon as the singer walked onto the stage.
歌手がステージに出たとたん、拍手が急に起こった。
A fire broke out in the old building late last night.
昨夜遅く、古い建物で火事が急に発生した。
発疹・汗が出る
(意味 5)解説 Definition
発疹、汗、にきびなどが急に皮膚に現れることを表す。break out in a rash や break out in sweat の形が典型で、体調不良、緊張、暑さ、アレルギー反応などが原因の変化に使う。一時的な症状にも慢性的な肌荒れにも使える。
When something like a rash, sweat, or acne breaks out, it suddenly appears on the skin. This phrase is often used in patterns like break out in a rash or break out in sweat. It is commonly used for changes caused by illness, stress, heat, or an allergic reaction, and it can describe both temporary symptoms and ongoing skin problems.
例文
He broke out in a rash after eating the shellfish.
彼はその貝を食べたあと、発疹が出た。
I always break out in sweat before giving a big presentation.
私は大事な発表の前になるといつも汗が出る。
She tends to break out when she is under a lot of stress.
彼女は強いストレスがかかると、にきびが出やすい。
break out の語源・成り立ち Etymology
break out は break「壊す・破る」+ out「外へ」から成る。break は古英語 brecan、out は古英語 ut に由来し、内側の境界を破って外へ出る感覚から、火事や戦争が「勃発する」意味になった。関連語は outbreak, breakout。
Break out comes from Old English brecan, meaning to break, and out, from Old English ut. The basic image is of something breaking through a boundary and moving outside. From that, the phrase came to be used for events that suddenly begin, like fires, fights, or disease; outbreak and breakout are closely related forms.
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