multifactorial
多因性の
解説 Definition
複数の要因や原因が関与することを意味する形容詞。医学や遺伝学では、複数の遺伝子と環境要因の相互作用によって生じる疾患や形質に用いられます。
Multifactorial means caused by or involving many different factors rather than only one. It is often used in science, medicine, and social studies to describe complex conditions or results. The word emphasizes that several influences work together.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
multi- が見えたら『複数』、中心は factor『要因』。まず many factors を英語で固めた形だと捉えると入りやすいです。single cause では説明できず、遺伝・生活習慣・環境などが重なって結果が出る場面を思い浮かべると定着します。特に multifactorial disease / cause / risk の形で覚えると実戦的。multi + factor + -ial と切れば、初見でも『多くの要因が絡む性質の』と意味を取りやすく、-ial の形容詞パターンとしても覚えやすい語です。
Split it into `multi-` and `factor`: many factors. In medical English, it often appears in phrases like `multifactorial disease` or `multifactorial risk`. Compare it with `polygenic`, which points mainly to many genes, while `multifactorial` can include genes plus environment and lifestyle.
例文
Multifactorial diseases have complex causes.
多因性疾患には複雑な原因があります。
Multifactorial inheritance involves both genes and environmental factors.
多因性遺伝には、遺伝子と環境要因の両方が関与します。
Multifactorial conditions require comprehensive treatment.
多因性疾患には包括的な治療が必要です。
multifactorial の類義語・関連語
multifactorial の語源・成り立ち Etymology
multifactorial はラテン語 multus「多くの」+ factor「作る者」+ -ial から成り、factor は facere「作る・なす」にさかのぼります。factory や manufacture も同根で、「一つでなく複数の要因が結果を作る」と捉えると語の骨組みが見えます。
Multifactorial is made from multi- "many" and factor, with the adjective ending -ial. Factor comes from Latin factor, "doer" or "maker," from facere, meaning "to make" or "do," which also gave English factory and manufacture. The word grew to express the idea that many different causes or makers are involved together.
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