multifactorial
多因性の
解説 Definition
医学・遺伝学で、疾患や形質が単一遺伝子だけで決まらず、複数の遺伝因子に食事、運動、環境、年齢などが加わって発現することを表します。診断やリスク評価で、体質と生活要因の組み合わせを示す語です。
Multifactorial means caused by or involving many different factors rather than only one. It is often used in science, medicine, and social studies to describe complex conditions or results. The word emphasizes that several influences work together.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
医療系の文章で multifactorial が出たら、「遺伝か環境か」の二択ではなく、両方が層になってリスクを作ると考えます。multifactorial inheritance は、親から受け継ぐ要素があってもメンデル式に一対一で予測しにくい遺伝形式です。polygenic は遺伝子の数に焦点が寄り、multifactorial はそこに生活習慣や外部環境まで含める点を押さえると区別できます。
Split it into `multi-` and `factor`: many factors. In medical English, it often appears in phrases like `multifactorial disease` or `multifactorial risk`. Compare it with `polygenic`, which points mainly to many genes, while `multifactorial` can include genes plus environment and lifestyle.
例文
Multifactorial diseases have complex causes.
多因性疾患には複雑な原因があります。
Multifactorial inheritance is common in humans.
多因性遺伝は人間で一般的です。
Multifactorial conditions require comprehensive treatment.
多因性疾患には包括的な治療が必要です。
multifactorial の類義語・関連語
multifactorial の語源・成り立ち Etymology
multifactorial はラテン語 multus「多くの」+ factor「作る者」+ -ial から成り、factor は facere「作る・なす」にさかのぼります。factory や manufacture も同根で、「一つでなく複数の要因が結果を作る」と捉えると語の骨組みが見えます。
Multifactorial is made from multi- "many" and factor, with the adjective ending -ial. Factor comes from Latin factor, "doer" or "maker," from facere, meaning "to make" or "do," which also gave English factory and manufacture. The word grew to express the idea that many different causes or makers are involved together.
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