流行
解説 Definition
outbreaks は outbreak の複数形で、病気の流行や暴動など、突然の発生が複数回・複数地域で起こることを表します。
Outbreaks are separate instances in which a disease, violence, or another harmful condition begins suddenly and spreads or affects a group. This is the plural form of outbreak and is used for multiple events, places, or periods.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
out「外へ」＋ break「破る」から、病気などが抑えを破って広がり始めるイメージで覚えましょう。outbreak に複数の -s が付き、語末は /ks/ と発音します。
Picture something breaking out of containment and starting to spread. Add the regular plural -s to outbreak; after /k/, the ending is pronounced /s/, giving /ks/.
例文
Several flu outbreaks were reported in the city.
市内でインフルエンザの流行がいくつか報告されました。
The school tracks outbreaks of common illnesses.
その学校は一般的な病気の流行を記録しています。
outbreaks の類義語・関連語
outbreaks の語源・成り立ち Etymology
outbreaks は out「外へ」+ break「破る」から成り、break は古英語 brecan にさかのぼります。閉じ込められていたものが外へ破れ出るイメージから、病気や争いが急に起こる「発生・流行」を表します。関連語は break out, breakthrough。
Outbreaks is the regular plural of outbreak, a compound of out and break. Break descends from Old English brecan, meaning to break or shatter. The compound evokes something breaking outward from restraint or concealment, which led to its use for a sudden beginning of disease, violence, fire, or similar trouble. The final -s marks more than one outbreak and is pronounced /s/ after the voiceless /k/ sound. The related phrasal verb break out preserves the same image.
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