overtaking
追い越し
解説 Definition
overtaking は overtake（追い越す、追い抜く）の現在分詞・動名詞です。車や人が前にいる相手を抜く場面で使われ、交通の文脈では「追い越し」を表します。
Overtaking is the action of catching up with and moving ahead of a slower person or vehicle traveling in the same direction. In road contexts, it refers specifically to the maneuver of passing another vehicle.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
overtake「追い越す」の語末の無音の e を落として -ing を付けた形で、発音は /ˌoʊvərˈteɪkɪŋ/ です。overtaking another vehicle「別の車を追い越す」、overtaking lane「追越車線」のように交通場面と結び付けます。passing よりイギリス英語の道路表現で特によく見られます。
Begin with overtake and note the spelling change: drop the final silent e before adding -ing, giving overtaking, pronounced with the main stress on take. Imagine approaching a slower vehicle from behind, moving alongside it, and taking a position ahead. This sequence captures the word more precisely than general movement. Useful combinations include overtaking another vehicle, overtaking lane, and no overtaking. In road language, especially British English, overtaking is the standard term for this maneuver; passing is also common, particularly in American English and in broader contexts.
例文
Overtaking on this narrow road is dangerous.
この狭い道路での追い越しは危険です。
The cyclist checked behind him before overtaking the slow bus.
その自転車の男性は遅いバスを追い越す前に後ろを確認しました。
Drivers must use the right lane only when overtaking another vehicle.
運転者は別の車を追い越すときだけ右車線を使わなければなりません。
overtaking の類義語・関連語
overtaking の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語の接頭辞「over-（越えて）」と語根「take（取る）」が結合し、後方から追いついて進路を「奪い取る」のが語源です。同系統に「overcome（克服する）」や「undertake（引き受ける）」があります。相手の位置を先に「取る」という直観的なイメージから、現在の追い越しの意味で定着しました。
Overtaking is the -ing form of overtake, with the final e removed before the suffix. Overtake combines over, conveying movement beyond or past, with take, a verb borrowed into English from Old Norse taka. The compound developed the sense of catching someone or something from behind and then getting ahead. Its physical meaning naturally became established in travel, racing, and road-traffic vocabulary.
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