paraplegia
対麻痺
解説 Definition
脊髄損傷による下半身の両側麻痺。両足の機能の喪失。
Paraplegia is a medical condition in which a person cannot move, and sometimes cannot feel, the lower part of the body, especially both legs. It is often caused by damage to the spinal cord or by disease. The term is used in medicine, rehabilitation, and discussions of disability.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
医療語では -plegia が「麻痺」を表す型だと押さえると覚えやすい。hemiplegia は片麻痺、quadriplegia は四肢麻痺なので、paraplegia は「両脚を中心とする下半身麻痺」の位置づけで整理する。paralysis という一般語よりずっと限定的な医学語で、spinal cord injury caused paraplegia のように脊髄損傷と結びつきやすい。『腕は動くが両脚は麻痺』という具体像で覚えると残りやすい。
Learn -plegia as a medical ending meaning paralysis. Then compare the family: hemiplegia is one side, quadriplegia is all four limbs, and paraplegia is the lower body, especially both legs. This contrast makes the word easier to place.
例文
Paraplegia often results from spinal cord injuries.
対麻痺は脊髄損傷から起こることが多い。
Patients with paraplegia use wheelchairs for mobility.
対麻痺患者は移動のために車椅子を使用しています。
Physical therapy helps paraplegia patients regain function.
理学療法は対麻痺患者が機能を回復するのに役立ちます。
paraplegia の類義語・関連語
paraplegia の語源・成り立ち Etymology
paraplegiaは新ラテン語経由でギリシャ語para-「わきに」+ plēssein「打つ」に由来し、「体の一部が打たれたように麻痺する」が原像。そこから下半身麻痺を指す医学語になり、症状の現れ方をそのまま名づけた語だと分かる。関連語はhemiplegia、quadriplegia。
Paraplegia came into English through New Latin from Greek elements: para- meaning "beside" and a verb related to plessein, "to strike." The older image was of a body part being "struck" and left paralyzed. Later it became a medical term for a specific kind of paralysis. Related words include hemiplegia and quadriplegia.
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