パーセント
解説 Definition
パーセント、百分率という意味です。日本語の「パーセント」と同じように、数字の後に置いて割合を表します。
One part in every hundred, used after a number to express a proportion or rate. For example, ten percent means ten out of one hundred, and the word commonly appears with of to identify the whole being measured.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
percent はラテン語 per centum「100につき」が一語化した表現です。数の後ろに置き、ten percent なら「100につき10」、つまり10％と考えます。割合そのものを指す percentage と区別し、percent of the class や go down by five percent の型で覚えましょう。
Break percent into its original idea: per means “for each,” and cent refers to one hundred. Ten percent therefore means ten for every hundred. In English, percent normally follows a number, as in five percent or 80 percent. Learn two useful patterns: percent of identifies the whole, as in “ten percent of the class,” while by five percent states the amount of a change. Keep percent separate from percentage: percent is used with a specific number, whereas percentage can refer more generally to a proportion or rate.
例文
Ten percent of the class is absent.
クラスの10パーセントが欠席しています。
The price went down by five percent.
値段は5パーセント下がりました。
Only one percent of the water is clean.
その水のうち、きれいなのは1パーセントだけです。
percent の類義語・関連語
percent の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 per centum の短縮形で、per（〜につき）+ centum（百）から成る。「百につき」が原義で、割合を百分率で表す概念そのもの。関連語: century（百年、centum から）、percentage（百分率）。
Percent comes from the Latin phrase per centum, literally “by the hundred” or “for every hundred.” Latin per means “through” or “for each,” while centum means “hundred.” The phrase was shortened and eventually written as a single English word. The cent element also appears in words connected with one hundred, such as century, while percentage was later formed from percent to name a proportional amount or rate.
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