prelim
意味一覧 (2件)
予備試験
解説 Definition
prelim は preliminary examination の略として、大学院・資格・本試験の前に受ける予備試験を指します。受験資格や次の段階に進めるかを判断するための試験について、ややくだけた文脈でも使われます。
A prelim is a short form of preliminary examination. It means an exam taken before the main exam, degree stage, or next step in a program. People use it for tests that decide whether someone is ready or allowed to move forward, especially in academic or professional settings. In casual use, it can sound a little less formal than saying the full preliminary examination.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
prelim は preliminary の短縮形で、pre- は preview や pretest と同じく「前の」を表します。exam や test と一緒に出ると、本試験や研究段階に進む前の「予備試験」と考えると自然です。スポーツの「予選」という別義もありますが、doctoral prelim や written prelim のように学業・資格の文脈なら試験そのものを指す点を区別しましょう。
Think of prelim as a shorter form of preliminary, and remember that pre- means "before," as in preview or pretest. So when you see prelim with words like exam or test, it usually means a test that comes before the main one. In school or qualification contexts, phrases like doctoral prelim or written prelim refer to the exam itself, not just a general early stage.
例文
She has to pass the prelim before she can take the final certification exam.
彼女は最終の資格試験を受ける前に予備試験に合格しなければならない。
The department uses a written prelim to decide who may continue in the doctoral program.
その学科では、博士課程を続けられるかどうかを判断するために筆記の予備試験を行う。
I spent the weekend preparing for my math prelim, even though it was only a screening test.
それはただの選抜試験だったが、私は週末を使って数学の予備試験の準備をした。
予選
(意味 2)解説 Definition
本試験の前に行われる予備的な試験や競技予選を指す名詞。最終的な大会や試験に進む前の選抜段階。
A prelim is a preliminary game, test, or event that happens before the main one. It is often used in sports, competitions, and school contexts. It helps decide who can move on to the next stage.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
このエントリの prelim は、試験制度の「予備試験」ではなく、競技や大会で決勝・本戦の前に行われる「予選」を指します。pre- の「前」と preliminary の短縮形から、final の前にある選抜ラウンドを思い浮かべると覚えやすいです。prelim round、the prelims、advance from the prelims のように、次の段階へ進むための競技場面でよく出ます。
Think of `pre-` as "before," like in `preview` or `prepay`. `Prelim` is a short, casual form of `preliminary`, so it suggests something that comes before the main event. It often appears in phrases like `prelim round` or `the prelims`, which can help fix the "before the final" feeling in your mind.
例文
He passed the prelim and advanced to the final round of the competition.
彼は予選を通過して、競技の最終ラウンドに進んだ。
The prelim exams determined who would take the board certification test.
予備試験は、誰が資格試験を受けるかを決定した。
Athletes competed fiercely in the prelim to earn their spots.
運動選手は自分たちのスポットを獲得するために予選で激しく競った。
prelim の語源・成り立ち Etymology
prelim は preliminary の略。preliminary はラテン語 prae「前に」と limen「敷居」に由来し、本番に入る前の段階という発想から予備試験の意味になった。
Prelim is a shortened form of preliminary. Preliminary comes from Latin roots: prae, meaning "before," and limen, meaning "threshold." The idea is something that comes before the main stage, which led to the sense of a test taken before the real exam or next step.
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