reactionaries
反動派
解説 Definition
社会の進歩に反対し、以前の体制への回帰を主張する保守的な人々。
Reactionaries are people who strongly oppose new social or political changes and prefer older ideas or systems. The word is usually used in political or historical discussions and often has a negative tone.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
react / reaction を知っていれば、「変化に反応して押し返す側の人たち」とつかむと覚えやすいです。-ary は「〜に関わる人・もの」、-ies は複数。単なる conservative より強く、進歩や改革に慎重なだけでなく、社会を以前の状態へ戻したがる響きがあります。political reactionaries のように政治・社会の文脈で出やすく、progressives や reformers と対比すると定着します。reactive「反応的な」や revolutionaries「革命派」と混同しないのもポイントです。
See the base word `reaction` inside it. `Reactionaries` are people linked with reacting against change, especially by wanting to push things back to an older state. It often appears in political or social contexts, opposite words like `progressives` or `reformers`. Be careful not to confuse it with `revolutionaries`, which points in the other direction.
例文
The reactionaries opposed every attempt to modernize the country's education system.
反動派は国の教育制度を近代化するあらゆる試みに反対した。
Political reactionaries sought to restore the monarchy that had been overthrown decades earlier.
政治的反動派は、数十年前に打倒された君主制の復活を求めた。
The reformers faced fierce resistance from reactionaries within the ruling party.
改革派は与党内の反動派から激しい抵抗に直面した。
reactionaries の類義語・関連語
reactionaries の語源・成り立ち Etymology
reactionary は reaction + -ary から成り、reaction 自体はラテン語 re-「後ろへ」+ agere「行う」に由来します。つまり reactionaries は「前進する変化に反応して後ろへ戻そうとする人たち」という感覚で、関連語に react, action があります。
Reactionaries comes from reactionary, built from reaction and the suffix -ary. Reaction goes back to Latin roots: re- meaning "back" and agere meaning "to do" or "to drive." The word developed the sense of people who push back against change and want to move things backward; related English words include react, action, and active.
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