受容体
解説 Definition
receptors は receptor「受容体」の複数形です。細胞の表面や内部などで特定の物質や刺激を受け取り、反応を引き起こす構造を指します。
Receptors are structures, often on or within cells, that detect particular substances or stimuli and initiate a response. The plural form is used when referring to multiple such structures or types.
使い方 Usage
- receptors respond to＋刺激で「受容体が～に反応する」を表します。 Use receptors respond to followed by a stimulus to describe what the receptors react to.
- receptors on the cell surfaceで「細胞表面の受容体」。on以下が受容体の位置を示します。 Receptors on the cell surface means receptors located on a cell's surface. The phrase beginning with on specifies their location.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
receptorに複数形の-sを付けた形で、語尾は /z/ と発音します。receiveやreceptionと結び付け、細胞などにある複数の「信号の受け取り口」を思い浮かべましょう。
Receptors is receptor plus plural -s, pronounced /z/. Associate it with receive and reception, and picture several receiving points that detect signals in or on cells.
例文
These receptors respond to light.
これらの受容体は光に反応します。
The drug attaches to receptors on the cell surface.
その薬は細胞表面の受容体に結合します。
receptors の類義語・関連語
receptors の語源・成り立ち Etymology
receptors は receptor の複数形で、ラテン語 receptor「受け取るもの」に由来し、さらに recipere へさかのぼります。re-「後ろへ・再び」+ capere「取る」の形です。刺激や信号を“受け取るもの”だから受容体で、関連語は receive, reception。
Receptors is the regular plural of receptor. Receptor comes through Latin from receptor, meaning “a receiver,” and is related to recipere, “to receive or take back.” That Latin verb combines re- with capere, “to take.” English receive and reception belong to the same broad word family. In biology, the name reflects the function of these structures: they receive particular chemical or physical signals.
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