retreated
退却した
解説 Definition
retreated は retreat（退却する、後退する）の過去形・過去分詞です。軍隊や人が危険な場所などから後ろへ下がった状態を表します。
The past-tense and past-participle form of “retreat,” indicating that people or a group moved back or withdrew from a dangerous, difficult, or unfavorable place or situation.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 retreat に規則的な -ed を付けた過去形・過去分詞で、retreated と綴る。語末が t 音なので -ed は /ɪd/ と一音節加えて発音する。「危険が増したため安全な場所へ後ろに退いた」という移動を、兵士・登山者・チームの場面と結びつけて覚える。
Retreated is the regular past and past-participle form of retreat. Add -ed to the base form without changing its spelling. Because retreat ends in a t sound, the ending is pronounced as an extra syllable, /ɪd/. Picture soldiers withdrawing before sunset or hikers moving away from a mountain path when a storm becomes dangerous. The key idea is deliberate movement back toward safety. This is stronger than simply leaving, because retreated usually suggests pressure, danger, defeat, or a need to abandon an exposed position.
例文
The soldiers retreated before sunset.
兵士たちは日没前に退却しました。
The team retreated to a safer area.
そのチームはより安全な場所へ退却しました。
After the storm grew stronger, the hikers retreated from the mountain path.
嵐が強まったあと、登山者たちは山道から退却しました。
retreated の類義語・関連語
retreated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 re-（後ろへ）+ tractāre（引く）に由来する retreat の過去分詞形。「後方へ引く→退く」が原義。関連語に retract（撤回する）、extract（引き出す）がある。tractは「引く」の語根で、撤退は文字通り「後ろに引き下がる」こと。
Retreated is formed from retreat plus the regular past-tense suffix -ed. Retreat entered English through Old French retrait or retraiter, ultimately reflecting Latin elements meaning “draw back,” including re-, “back,” and a form related to trahere, “to draw or pull.” The central image is withdrawal from a position. In modern English, retreated describes completed movement away from danger, opposition, or an unfavorable situation.
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