scrutiny
scrutiny は英検準1級・TOEIC 860・TOEFL 80・IELTS 6.5レベルの英単語で、「精査」という意味があります。発音記号は /ˈskruːtəni/ です。
精査
解説 Definition
精査とは、何かを詳しく注意深く調べたり、検査したりすることです。細かいところまで厳密に見直す行為を指します。
Scrutiny means careful and close examination of something. It is often used when people, plans, decisions, or documents are being checked in detail, especially in public, legal, or official situations. The word often suggests serious attention and possible criticism.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
scrutiny は「見る」より「細かく厳しくチェックする」感覚。examine や review よりも、疑いの目や批判的な視線を含んだ精査になりやすい。under scrutiny で「精査・監視の対象で」、close scrutiny, public scrutiny も頻出。動詞 scrutinize とセットで、名詞が scrutiny、動作が scrutinize と対応で覚えると定着しやすい。inspection が設備や手順の点検寄りなのに対し、scrutiny は書類・発言・行動を細部まで逃さず見る場面で使われやすい。
`Scrutiny` is stronger than just `looking` or `checking`; it suggests very careful, critical attention. Remember the common phrase `under scrutiny`, which appears often in news and formal writing. Pair it with the verb `scrutinize` so you can remember both forms together.
例文
The document underwent careful scrutiny before approval.
その書類は承認前に慎重な精査を受けました。
Under scrutiny, several errors were found in the report.
精査の下で、レポートからいくつかのエラーが発見されました。
The judge examined the evidence under close scrutiny.
判事は証拠を厳密な精査の下で検討しました。
scrutiny の類義語・関連語
scrutiny の語源・成り立ち Etymology
scrutiny はラテン語 scrutari「くまなく探す」に由来し、さらに scruta「ごみくず・がらくた」にさかのぼります。もとは雑多な山をひっくり返して調べる感覚で、精査が細部まで洗う行為だと分かります。関連語に scrutinize、scrutineer。
"Scrutiny" comes from Latin "scrutari," meaning "to search carefully," and is linked to "scruta," meaning "trash" or "broken pieces." The image was of digging through a pile closely and thoroughly. From that, the word developed the sense of very careful examination, and it is related to "scrutinize."
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