shivering
震えている
解説 Definition
shivering は shiver（震える）の動名詞・現在分詞です。寒さや恐怖、緊張などで体が小刻みに震えている状態を表します。
The act or state of trembling in small, rapid movements, especially because of cold, fear, illness, or nervousness. As an -ing form, it can also describe a person or body that is undergoing such trembling.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 shiver「震える」にそのまま -ing を付けた形で、shiver /ˈʃɪvər/ に対し shivering /ˈʃɪvərɪŋ/ と末尾に音節が加わる。cold、fear、without a coat などの原因と結び付け、体が無意識に小刻みに震える場面を想像する。shaking より、寒さや恐怖による細かな震えを強く示す。
Start with shiver, meaning to tremble in small, quick movements, and add -ing without changing the spelling of the base. Shiver is pronounced /ˈʃɪvər/, while shivering is /ˈʃɪvərɪŋ/, with an extra final syllable. Picture a child standing in a cold wind without a coat, or someone trembling after a frightening experience. Common clues include cold, fear, rain, and fever. Shaking is broader and can describe many kinds of movement; shivering particularly suggests involuntary, repeated trembling caused by cold or a strong physical or emotional reaction.
例文
The child was shivering in the cold wind.
その子どもは冷たい風の中で震えていました。
I noticed him shivering after the rain.
雨の後、彼が震えているのに気づきました。
She stood by the door, shivering without a coat.
彼女はコートも着ずに、ドアのそばで震えて立っていました。
shivering の類義語・関連語
shivering の語源・成り立ち Etymology
中英語 chiveren に由来し、寒さや恐怖で体が小刻みに震える様子を表す。語源は不確かだが、古英語 ceafl（顎）と関連し、歯がガチガチ鳴る動作から派生した説がある。関連語: shiver（震え）、quiver（小刻みに揺れる）。寒さで顎が震える身体反応が語の核にある。
Shivering is the -ing form of shiver. The verb is recorded in Middle English in forms such as chiveren and has long described rapid bodily trembling caused by cold or fear. Its deeper origin is uncertain; proposed connections with older words relating to the jaw are not firmly established. The modern form is therefore best understood through its established physical sense: repeated small movements of the body, often accompanied by chattering teeth.
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