shunting
入換え
解説 Definition
鉄道で車両を側線や別の線路に移動させる入換作業のこと。医学では血流の迂回路を作ることも指す。
Shunting is the act of moving train cars from one track to another and arranging them into the right position. It is mainly used in railway and transport contexts. The word can also appear in technical or medical fields, but its most common meaning is related to trains.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
shunt を知っていると覚えやすい語。核は「本流から外して、脇のルートへ回す」。鉄道では車両を本線から側線へ動かす入換え、医学では血流を本来の通り道から別経路へ逃がすこと。どちらも『まっすぐ進ませず横へ振る』で一つにまとめると残りやすい。switching よりも、切り替えるというより“別線へ逃がす”感じが強い。shunting yard、cardiac shunt などの場面ごとで結びつけると定着しやすい。
Start with `shunt`, which carries the idea of moving something off the main path. That helps in both common uses: moving train cars to a side track, or redirecting blood through another route. The shared image is simple: not straight ahead, but sideways into another line.
例文
The railway workers were busy shunting carriages into the correct positions.
鉄道作業員たちは車両を正しい位置に入れ換える作業に忙しかった。
The surgeon performed a shunting procedure to redirect blood flow around the blockage.
外科医は閉塞部を迂回して血流を変えるシャント手術を行った。
The shunting yard was filled with freight cars waiting to be sorted.
入換え用の操車場は仕分けを待つ貨車でいっぱいだった。
shunting の類義語・関連語
類義語
紛らわしい語
shunting の語源・成り立ち Etymology
shunting は shunt「脇へ押しやる・別路線へ回す」に -ing が付いた語で、shunt は近代英語の語ですが語源は不詳です。shunt や shunted も同根で、『本線から横へそらす』感覚が核だと思うと、鉄道の入換えも血流の迂回も同じ図でつながります。
Shunting comes from shunt with the ending -ing. Shunt is a modern English word of uncertain origin, but its central idea is moving something aside or sending it onto a different path. From that physical sense, the word came to be used both for railway switching and for diversion in medicine or engineering. Related forms include shunt and shunted.
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