こぼれた
解説 Definition
spilt は spill（こぼす、こぼれる）の過去形・過去分詞です。主にイギリス英語でよく使われ、アメリカ英語では spilled が一般的です。
Spilt is the past-tense and past-participle form of spill used especially in British English. It describes liquid or another substance that was accidentally allowed to flow, fall, or scatter out of its container; spilled is more usual in American English.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 spill の過去形・過去分詞で、主にイギリス英語の形。語末の ll を lt に替えて spilt /spɪlt/ とし、米語で一般的な spilled /spɪld/ と対比する。spilt coffee のような名詞修飾や have spilt、had spilt の形も、すべて「こぼした・こぼれた」という完了した出来事を表す。
Start with the base verb spill and learn spilt as its chiefly British past tense and past participle. The ending changes from -ll to -lt, and spilt is pronounced /spɪlt/. Contrast it with spilled /spɪld/, the form generally preferred in American English. Picture three useful patterns: she spilt coffee for the simple past, water had spilt for the past participle, and spilt milk before a noun. In each case, the form marks a completed spilling event or describes the substance after it has escaped its container.
例文
She spilt coffee on the kitchen floor.
彼女は台所の床にコーヒーをこぼしました。
Some water spilt from the glass during lunch.
昼食中に、グラスから水が少しこぼれました。
He cleaned the milk that had spilt beside the refrigerator.
彼は冷蔵庫の横にこぼれていた牛乳を拭き取りました。
spilt の類義語・関連語
類義語
対義語
紛らわしい語
spilt の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語のspillan（浪費する）に由来し、液体を無意味に外へ出す様子から「こぼれる」の意味へ発展しました。同じ語根からはspillage（溢れ分）やspillway（放水路）が派生しており、「無駄に失う」原義が器からの零れ落ちと結びついた語です。
Spilt is an inflected form of spill. Spill goes back to Old English spillan, which meant “to destroy, waste, or squander,” and later developed senses involving the loss or escape of liquid and other substances. The form spilt uses an older irregular pattern in which the verb’s ending becomes -t. It remains especially common in British English alongside the regular form spilled.
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