策略
解説 Definition
敵を欺くための巧妙な計略や策略。戦術的なたくらみ。
A stratagem is a clever and carefully planned method for gaining an advantage, often by surprising or deceiving someone. The word is fairly formal and is often used in military, political, or competitive situations.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
strategy・strategic・strategist と同じ strateg- 系だと押さえると覚えやすい語。まず「戦略の仲間」と結びつけ、その中でも stratagem は全体方針ではなく、相手をだますための一手・計略を指すと区別すると定着しやすい。strategy が長期の作戦、tactic が個別の戦術なら、stratagem は特に「巧妙さ・欺き」を帯びた策。military や political な文脈で a clever stratagem, use a stratagem to deceive the enemy などと一緒に覚える。
`Stratagem` belongs to the same family as `strategy`, `strategic`, and `strategist`. The difference is that `stratagem` often sounds more clever, tricky, or deceptive than a general strategy. Think of a smart move used to fool an enemy.
例文
The general devised a clever stratagem to lure the enemy into an ambush.
将軍は敵を待ち伏せにおびき寄せる巧妙な策略を考案した。
Her stratagem of pretending to agree with her opponents disarmed them completely.
相手に同意するふりをするという彼女の策略は、彼らを完全に油断させた。
The spy used an elaborate stratagem to smuggle the documents across the border.
そのスパイは国境を越えて文書を密輸するために手の込んだ策略を用いた。
stratagem の類義語・関連語
stratagem の語源・成り立ち Etymology
stratagem はフランス語 stratagème を経て、ギリシャ語 strategema に由来する。stratos「軍隊」+ agein「導く」が土台で、もとは将軍の指揮や用兵の工夫を指したため、「軍を導く知恵」が「策略」になった。関連語は strategy、strategist。
"Stratagem" came into English through French "stratagème," from Greek "strategema." Its roots are "stratos" meaning "army" and "agein" meaning "to lead." At first it referred to a general's skillful military plan, and later the meaning widened to any clever trick or plan; related words include "strategy" and "strategist."
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