subtractive
減算的
解説 Definition
引き算に関する、または色の混合で光を取り除く方式。加法の反対。
Subtractive means involving taking one amount away from another. It is used in math, science, art, and design for processes where something is removed rather than added. The word often contrasts with additive.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
subtract を知っていれば最短で覚えられます。subtractive は「subtractする性質の」「差し引いて成り立つ」という形容詞で、まず additive（加える式）との対で押さえると強いです。計算なら addition ↔ subtraction、色なら additive color（光を足す）に対して subtractive color（重ねるほど光を減らす）。つまり『足すのでなく、引いて効く側』という発想で固定すると忘れにくいです。
The fastest memory path is through `subtract`. `Subtractive` means working by taking away, so it is easy to store next to `additive`, which works by adding. Keep the pair in mind: `additive color` vs. `subtractive color`, or addition vs. subtraction.
例文
Subtractive color mixing is used in painting and printing.
減算的な色の混合は絵画と印刷で使われている。
The artist employed subtractive techniques in her sculpture.
その芸術家は彼女の彫刻で減算的手法を用いた。
Subtractive synthesis removes frequencies from the original sound.
減算的シンセシスは元の音から周波数を取り除く。
subtractive の類義語・関連語
subtractive の語源・成り立ち Etymology
subtractive はラテン語系で、sub-「下へ・離れて」＋ trahere「引く」に由来する。つまり「引き去る」が原像で、数を減らすだけでなく、色を重ねて光を差し引く発想にもぴたりとはまる。subtract, extract が同じ語根をもつ。
Subtractive comes from Latin roots: sub-, meaning "from under" or "away," and trahere, meaning "to pull" or "draw." The basic idea is pulling away or taking off. From that, the word developed the sense of reducing by removal, whether in arithmetic or in systems like subtractive color. Related words include subtract, extract, and traction.
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