translocation
転座
解説 Definition
染色体の一部が他の位置に移動する現象。遺伝学における重要な概念です。
Translocation is the movement of something from one place to another. In biology and genetics, it often means that part of a chromosome moves to a different position, sometimes onto another chromosome. This is mainly a scientific and technical term.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
`location` が「場所」だと分かれば、`translocation` は「場所をまたいで移ること」と捉えやすいです。`trans-` は `transport`, `transfer`, `translate` などにも出る「向こうへ移す」感覚。遺伝学では、染色体の一部が“別の場所へ引っ越す”場面を思い浮かべると残ります。`deletion` は欠失、`inversion` は反転で、`translocation` は位置の移動が中心、という対比で覚えると混同しにくいです。
Break it into parts: `trans-` means "across," and `location` is about place. So `translocation` is about something moving to a different place. To remember it clearly, contrast it with `deletion` (gone) and `inversion` (turned around): here the main idea is relocation.
例文
The translocation of genetic material can cause mutations.
遺伝物質の転座は突然変異を引き起こす可能性があります。
Scientists studied the translocation in the patient's chromosomes.
科学者たちは患者の染色体の転座を研究しました。
Balanced translocation may not affect health.
均衡型転座は健康に影響を与えないかもしれません。
translocation の類義語・関連語
translocation の語源・成り立ち Etymology
translocation は trans-「越えて」+ locat(e)「置く」+ -ion「こと」です。locate はラテン語 locare「置く」、さらに locus「場所」に由来し、「ある場所から別の場所へ移すこと」が転座の意味につながります。関連語は relocate, local。
Translocation is made from trans-, meaning "across," and location, from Latin locare, "to place," based on locus, "place." Its core idea is putting something in another place. That is how it came to mean a movement or transfer from one location to another; related words include relocate and local.
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