受ける
解説 Definition
undergoes は undergo「受ける・経験する」の三人称単数現在形です。人や物が検査・治療・訓練などを受けたり、変化を経験したりすることを表します。
Undergoes is the third-person singular present form of undergo. It means experiences or is subjected to a process, examination, treatment, training, test, or change, typically with a singular person or thing as the subject.
使い方 Usage
- he、she、it や単数名詞などを主語に使います。Each new employee undergoes training のように each で始まる単数の主語にも使えます。 Use undergoes with he, she, it, or a singular noun, including a singular subject with each: Each new employee undergoes training.
- undergoes a checkup、undergoes testing のように、受ける過程を直接目的語に置きます。目的語の前に前置詞は不要です。 Put the process directly after undergoes, as in undergoes a checkup or undergoes testing. No preposition is needed before the object.
使い分け Common distinctions
- undergo は検査などを「受ける・経験する」、undertake は仕事などを責任を持って「引き受ける」ことに重点があります。 Undergo emphasizes experiencing a process, such as an examination. Undertake emphasizes accepting responsibility for a task.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
go → goes と同じく、undergo に -es を付けて undergoes にします。語末は /z/ と発音し、原形・過去形・過去分詞は undergo–underwent–undergone です。
Remember go → goes: undergo likewise adds -es to become undergoes, with a final /z/ sound. The base form, past tense, and past participle are undergo–underwent–undergone.
例文
The patient undergoes a checkup every month.
その患者は毎月検診を受けています。
The machine undergoes safety testing before use.
その機械は使用前に安全検査を受けます。
Each new employee undergoes basic training.
新入社員はそれぞれ基本研修を受けます。
undergoes の類義語・関連語
undergoes の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 undergān（下を通り抜ける）から。接頭辞 under-（下に）＋ go（行く）の複合語。「下をくぐり抜ける」→「経験する・耐え忍ぶ」へと意味が発展。関連語に undergo の名詞形 undergoing、同構造の undertake（引き受ける）がある。
Undergoes consists of undergo plus the third-person singular ending -es. Undergo continues Old English undergān, literally combining under and go. Its concrete sense of going beneath or through something developed into the figurative idea of passing through, experiencing, or enduring a process. Although undergoes follows the spelling pattern of goes in the present tense, the verb is irregular in the past forms: undergo, underwent, undergone.
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