切断された
解説 Definition
amputated は amputate（手足などを切断する）の過去形・過去分詞です。事故や病気、手術などによって体の一部が切断されたことを表す、医療や報告の文脈で使われる語です。
Amputated is the past-tense and past-participle form of amputate. It indicates that a limb or another projecting body part was surgically removed, usually because of severe injury, disease, or a dangerous infection.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
amputated は原形 amputate「手足などを切断する」の過去形・過去分詞です。語末の e を取って -ed を付け、発音は /ˈæmpjəteɪtɪd/ のように末尾が /ɪd/ になります。surgeon amputated a finger は能動、a leg was amputated は受動です。単なる cut より、医療上、肢体や身体部分を完全に切除する重大な処置を表します。
Start with the base verb amputate, meaning to remove a limb or another body part surgically. For the past form, drop the final silent e and add -ed: amputate becomes amputated. Because the base ends in the /t/ sound, the -ed ending is pronounced /ɪd/, giving /ˈæmpjəteɪtɪd/. Contrast an active sentence, “The surgeon amputated the finger,” with the common passive pattern, “The leg was amputated.” Unlike the broad verb cut, amputate normally describes complete medical removal and therefore carries a serious clinical meaning.
例文
His injured leg was amputated after the accident.
事故の後、彼のけがをした脚は切断されました。
The surgeon amputated the damaged finger to stop the infection.
外科医は感染を止めるため、損傷した指を切断しました。
The patient learned to walk again after her foot was amputated.
その患者は足を切断された後、再び歩く練習をしました。
amputated の類義語・関連語
amputated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語のam-（まわりを）＋putāre（剪定する）に由来します。元々は植物の枝を刈り込む用語でしたが、医療で不要な肢体を切り離す意味へと転じました。同じ語根のdispute（議論で考えを整理する）と比較すると、「余計なものを削ぎ落とす」核心イメージが納得しやすくなります。
Amputated is the regular past and past-participle form of amputate. Amputate comes from Latin amputare, meaning “to cut off” or “cut away,” traditionally analyzed as amb- or am- conveying “around” plus putare, “to prune, trim, or reckon.” The Latin verb could refer to cutting material away, and its later medical use became specialized for removing a limb or other body part. English forms the inflected word by replacing final -e with -ed.
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