annihilated
全滅した
解説 Definition
annihilated は annihilate(全滅させる、完全に破壊する)の過去形・過去分詞です。人や集団、物が完全に打ち負かされたり破壊されたりした状態を強く表します。
Annihilated is the past tense and past participle of annihilate. It describes someone or something that was completely destroyed, eliminated, or overwhelmingly defeated, often with an emphasis on the extremity of the result.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
annihilate「全滅させる、完全に破壊する」の規則変化で、過去形・過去分詞は annihilated。語末が /t/ 音なので -ed は /ɪd/ と発音し、/əˈnaɪəleɪtɪd/ となる。ラテン語 nihil「無」を nil「ゼロ」と結びつけ、敵軍・データ・チームが「無同然になる」ほど完全に失われる強い表現として覚える。
Link annihilate with Latin nihil, “nothing,” and the familiar word nil, “zero.” If an army, collection of files, or sports team is annihilated, it is reduced to virtually nothing: destroyed, erased, or defeated by an overwhelming margin. The form is regular: add -ed to annihilate to make annihilated. Because the base verb ends in the /t/ sound, the ending is pronounced /ɪd/, giving /əˈnaɪəleɪtɪd/. This is much stronger than simply saying damaged or defeated.
例文
The invading army was annihilated in the battle.
侵攻してきた軍はその戦いで全滅しました。
The old files were annihilated by the system error.
古いファイルはシステムエラーで完全に失われました。
The team was annihilated in the final match.
そのチームは決勝戦で完敗しました。
annihilated の類義語・関連語
類義語
annihilated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語のad-(~へ)とnihil(無)から成る「annihilare」に由来します。対象を完全な「無」に帰すという語のイメージから、敵などを跡形もなく消し去る「全滅した」という意味が定着しました。同じ語根の単語に「nil(ゼロ)」や「nihilism(虚無主義)」があります。
Annihilated is the regular past tense and past participle of annihilate. The verb came through Late Latin annihilare, built from ad-, meaning “to” or “toward,” and nihil, meaning “nothing.” Assimilation changed the spelling and sound of the prefix. The underlying image is therefore that of reducing something to nothing, which explains the word’s strong modern senses of complete destruction, elimination, or crushing defeat.
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