bastard
野郎
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
現代の bastard は人を「野郎・ろくでなし」と強く罵る名詞で、かなり攻撃的です。You bastard! や that bastard の形を映画などで見かけますが、親しい間柄で冗談めかす地域的用法もあり、学習者が安易に使うのは危険です。歴史的な「非嫡出子」の意味も侮蔑的で、通常は child born outside marriage などと言い換えます。
Remember bastard through its typical emotional pattern: You bastard! is a strong personal insult aimed at someone seen as cruel, dishonest, or thoroughly unpleasant. It is much harsher than fool and can easily provoke offense, so recognizing it is more useful than casually using it. In some regions or close relationships, speakers may use it jokingly, but tone and social context are crucial. The word also has an older meaning connected with birth outside marriage; that sense is now stigmatizing, and neutral phrases such as child born outside marriage are preferable.
bastard の類義語・関連語
bastard の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古フランス語 bastard に由来し、元は fils de bast（荷鞍の子）、すなわち旅先での非嫡出子を意味した。bast はゲルマン語で「荷鞍」。中世では私生児を指す法律用語だったが、現代英語では「野郎、ろくでなし」と罵倒語に転じた。関連語に bastardy（私生）がある。
Bastard entered English from Old French bastard. Historically, it was used as a legal and social label for a child born outside marriage. Traditional explanations associate the word with Old French bast, “packsaddle,” and the expression fils de bast, literally “child of the packsaddle,” though details of the formation are debated. Over time, the noun developed into a general term of abuse for a disliked or contemptible person.
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