buckling
座屈
解説 Definition
buckling は buckle（曲がる、座屈する）の現在分詞・動名詞で、名詞としては圧力で部材が急に曲がる座屈を意味します。建築や機械工学で、柱や板などの変形を説明するときによく使われます。
Buckling is the sudden sideways bending or deformation of a structural member, such as a column, beam, or plate, under compressive force. It occurs when the member becomes unstable under a load.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形は buckle「圧力を受けて曲がる」で、語尾の e を取って -ing を加えた形です。工学では動作より現象名として使われ、column buckling「柱の座屈」、signs of buckling「座屈の兆候」と覚えます。単なる bending「曲げ」と違い、圧縮荷重で部材が急に不安定化する点が核です。
Connect buckling with the verb buckle, meaning to bend or collapse under pressure. The final silent e in buckle is dropped before -ing is added: buckle becomes buckling. In engineering, buckling usually names a structural failure or instability rather than an ordinary bending action. Picture a thin column carrying excessive weight and suddenly bowing sideways. Useful combinations include column buckling, buckling failure, and signs of buckling. Unlike general bending, buckling emphasizes an abrupt loss of stability caused especially by compression.
例文
Buckling can occur when a thin column carries too much weight.
細い柱に過大な重量がかかると、座屈が起こることがあります。
The engineer checked the beam for signs of buckling.
技師は梁に座屈の兆候がないか確認しました。
The test showed that buckling began near the center of the metal plate.
試験の結果、金属板の中央付近で座屈が始まったことが分かりました。
buckling の類義語・関連語
buckling の語源・成り立ち Etymology
bucklingは動詞buckle「曲がる・たわむ」に由来し、語源は古フランス語boucle、さらにラテン語bucculaへさかのぼります。もとは『輪のように曲がる』感覚で、圧力で部材がぐにゃりと折れ曲がる『座屈』を表し、buckleやboucledが関連語です。
Buckling is formed from the verb buckle and the suffix -ing. Buckle entered English through Old French boucle, “buckle” or “ring,” from Latin buccula, a diminutive associated with a cheek or curved fastening. The verb later developed the sense “bend, warp, or collapse under pressure.” In modern engineering, buckling denotes the characteristic deformation caused when a structural element loses stability under compression.
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