burnt
焼けた
解説 Definition
burnt は burn(燃える、焦がす)の過去形・過去分詞です。形容詞としては、焼けた、焦げたという状態を表します。
Burnt is the past-tense and past-participle form of burn, used here adjectivally to describe something damaged, darkened, or changed by fire or excessive heat, such as toast, paper, or food with a scorched smell.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 burn「燃える・焦がす」に過去・過去分詞の語尾 /t/ が付いた不規則形で、発音は burn /bɜːrn/ に /t/ を足した形です。burnt toast、burnt paper、a burnt smell のように、火や熱で焼けたり焦げたりした状態を思い浮かべます。米語では burned もよく使われます。
Connect burnt directly with the base verb burn. Unlike a regular past form ending in -ed, this form ends in the sound /t/: burn becomes burnt. Picture three common combinations—burnt toast, burnt paper, and a burnt smell. Each describes the result left after fire or too much heat has acted on something. Burnt is especially common as an adjective before a noun or after be. In American English, burned is also widely used as the past tense and past participle.
例文
The toast was burnt.
トーストは焦げていました。
I threw away the burnt paper.
私は焼けた紙を捨てました。
The soup had a burnt smell.
そのスープには焦げたにおいがしました。
burnt の類義語・関連語
burnt の語源・成り立ち Etymology
burntは古英語のbyrnan(燃える)の過去分詞形。ゲルマン祖語*brinnanąに遡り、火で変質した状態を表す。関連語:burn(燃やす)、burnish(磨く=金属を火で光らせる)。火による変化という原義が「焼けた」の意味に直結している。
Burn comes from Old English forms such as byrnan, meaning “to be on fire,” and bærnan, meaning “to set on fire.” These belong to an old Germanic word group associated with burning. Burnt developed as a past-tense and past-participle form with a final -t, and it later became common as an adjective describing the visible or detectable result of fire or excessive heat.
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