意味一覧 (2件)
司教座聖堂
解説 Definition
cathedral は、司教が管轄する教区の中心となる正式な教会を指します。建物の大きさよりも、司教の座が置かれている宗教上の地位が重要で、教会制度や歴史説明で使われます。
A cathedral is the main church of a bishop's area, or diocese. The important point is not simply that the building is large, but that it has the bishop's official seat and a special role in church organization. The word is often used in history, religion, and architecture. In travel writing, people may sometimes use it for a very large church, but its more exact meaning is a bishop's church.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
cathedral は cathedra「司教の座・椅子」から考えると覚えやすい語です。chair が「椅子」を表すように、cathedra は宗教上の権威ある座を指し、その座が置かれた教会が cathedral です。church は教会の総称、chapel は小さな礼拝所、cathedral は司教区の中心という役割に注目します。観光文脈で「大きな教会」と訳されることもありますが、このエントリでは制度上の司教座聖堂として押さえます。
Think of cathedral as a word connected with cathedra, which means a bishop's seat or chair. Just as chair means a place to sit, cathedra suggests an official and important seat of authority. So a cathedral is the church where that special seat is found. Remember the contrast: church is a general word, chapel is a small place of worship, and cathedral is the center of a bishop's area.
例文
The bishop led the service at the cathedral on Sunday morning.
司教は日曜の朝、司教座聖堂で礼拝を行った。
The old cathedral stands at the center of the city's religious history.
その古い司教座聖堂は、その町の宗教史の中心に立っている。
Many tourists visited the cathedral, but our guide explained its role as the bishop's official church.
多くの観光客がその司教座聖堂を訪れたが、ガイドはそれが司教の正式な教会である役割を説明した。
大聖堂
(意味 2)解説 Definition
非常に大きく美しいキリスト教の教会です。通常、都市の中心にあり、宗教的に重要な建築物です。
A cathedral is a large and important Christian church, usually the main church of a bishop in a particular area. It is often known for its size, history, and impressive architecture. The word is common in religious, historical, and travel contexts.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
cathedral は、都市を代表するような大きく荘厳なキリスト教建築として覚えると使いやすい語です。旅行案内や建築史では Gothic cathedral, stone cathedral, stained glass in the cathedral のように、尖塔・鐘・ステンドグラスを備えた壮大な教会を描く語として出ます。chapel は小さな礼拝堂、church は一般的な教会なので、cathedral は規模と歴史的存在感が大きいと押さえましょう。
Remember `church` as the general word, then `cathedral` as a grand and important church in a city. It often brings images of towers, bells, stone walls, and stained glass. Compare it with `chapel`, which is usually much smaller.
例文
The cathedral in the city center is a masterpiece of architecture.
町の中心にある大聖堂は建築の傑作です。
Tourists visit the cathedral to admire its beautiful stained glass windows.
観光客は美しいステンドグラスの窓を鑑賞するために大聖堂を訪れます。
The cathedral has been under renovation for the past two years.
大聖堂は過去2年間改装中です。
cathedral の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ギリシャ語 kathedra「座席、椅子」に由来し、ラテン語 cathedralis を経て英語へ。司教の公式な座がある教会を指すようになった。
Cathedral comes from Greek kathedra, meaning "seat" or "chair." It passed through Latin cathedralis before entering English. The word came to mean a church that contains the bishop's official seat.
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう