canto
カントー
解説 Definition
canto は、長い詩を分けた一つの「歌」や「篇」を意味します。日本語のカタカナ語「カントー」は一般的ではなく、英語の canto は文学作品の区分を指す点に注意します。
A canto is one of the major divisions of a long poem, especially an epic or narrative poem. It functions somewhat like a chapter in prose and normally contains many lines or stanzas rather than being a single stanza itself.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
canto は長編詩を区切る「一歌・一篇」で、散文作品の chapter に近い役割を持ちます。イタリア語 canto「歌」と、chant や cantor の「歌う」語族を結び付けましょう。first canto、each canto、final canto のように番号や位置を伴う例を覚えると、stanza「連」より大きく、長い詩全体を構成する主要区分だと判断できます。
Connect canto with the idea of singing. It came through Italian from the Latin word family for “song” and “to sing,” also reflected in words such as chant and cantor. Imagine a long epic poem divided into several large “songs”: each songlike division is a canto. Phrases such as the first canto, each canto, and the final canto are common clues. Do not confuse a canto with a stanza. A stanza is a smaller grouped set of lines, while one canto may contain numerous stanzas and serves more like a chapter of the complete poem.
例文
We read the first canto of the poem in class.
私たちは授業でその詩の第一歌を読みました。
Each canto begins with a short description of the journey.
各歌は、旅についての短い説明で始まります。
The final canto returns to the image that opened the work.
最終歌では、その作品の冒頭に出てきたイメージに再び戻ります。
canto の類義語・関連語
canto の語源・成り立ち Etymology
イタリア語「canto」に由来し、ラテン語の動詞「canere（歌う）」を語根とする名詞「cantus（歌）」が起源です。長編詩を「一曲ごとに区切る章」と見立てたことに意味が由来します。同根語に「chant（賛美歌）」や「cantor（聖歌隊長）」があり、詩の一節を歌い継ぐイメージから納得できます。
English borrowed canto from Italian canto, meaning “song” or a division of a poem. The Italian word continues Latin cantus, “song,” which is related to canere, “to sing.” Long narrative and epic poems were conventionally divided into substantial sections conceived as separate songs, producing the literary sense used in English. Canto therefore belongs historically with singing-related words such as chant, cantor, cantata, and canticle, although their present meanings and routes into English differ.
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