有罪とする
解説 Definition
裁判で誰かを特定の罪について有罪と断定するという意味。『convict someone of』の形でよく使われ、罪や不正行為の種類を具体的に述べることが多い。法廷やニュース報道で頻出する正式な語。
To convict someone of a crime means to decide in court that the person is guilty of that crime. It is a legal expression used in discussions of law, trials, and criminal cases. It is often seen in the passive form as well.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
convict は convince と形が近く、どちらも「相手をある結論に持っていく」語として並べて覚えると残りやすい。convince は人を納得させる語、convict は証拠によって裁判所が「有罪だ」と結論づける語。特に convict A of B の型で、AをBの罪で有罪にする、と丸ごと覚えるのが実用的。ニュースでは be convicted of murder / fraud が頻出。charge A with B は起訴段階、convict A of B は有罪確定で、ここを混同しないこと。
`Convict` looks a little like `convince`, so you can remember both as words that lead to a conclusion. But `convict` is the legal one: the court reaches the conclusion of guilt. Fix the pattern `convict A of B` in your mind as one unit. It also helps to contrast it with `charge A with B`, which happens earlier.
例文
The jury convicted the defendant of fraud after reviewing the documents.
陪審は書類を検討した結果、被告を詐欺罪で有罪とした。
He was convicted of neglect, so the company had to pay compensation.
彼は怠慢で有罪判決を受けたため、会社は補償金を支払うことになった。
convict of の類義語・関連語
派生語
convict of の語源・成り立ち Etymology
convictはラテン語convincere（完全に打ち負かす）の過去分詞convictusから。con-（完全に）+vincere（征服する）で「証拠で完全に打ち負かす→有罪と証明する」。関連語：convince（納得させる）、victory（勝利）。論争に勝つことが有罪立証に転じた。
Convict comes from Latin convictus, the past participle of convincere, meaning "to prove wrong" or "overcome completely." It is related to convince and to victory through the Latin root vincere, "to conquer." The idea moved from defeating someone in argument or proof to proving someone guilty in law.
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