exonerated
免罪された
解説 Definition
exonerated は exonerate（無罪にする、容疑を晴らす）の過去形・過去分詞です。人が罪や責任を負っていないと公式に認められ、「免罪された」「潔白が証明された」という意味で使われます。
Exonerated is the past-tense and past-participle form of exonerate. It describes someone who has been officially shown not to be guilty of an alleged crime, fault, or responsibility, often because an investigation or new evidence cleared them.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
exonerate の過去形・過去分詞で、語末の e を残して -d を加え、exonerated となる。語尾は /ɪd/ と一音節増える。ex-「外へ」と「重荷」に関係する語形成から、罪や責任という重荷を外された場面を描き、be exonerated by an investigation や after new evidence の形で覚える。
Exonerated is the past and past-participle form of exonerate. Because exonerate already ends in e, only -d is added, and the ending of exonerated is pronounced /ɪd/. Link ex- with the idea of removal and onerous or onus with a burden: when someone is exonerated, the burden of blame is taken away. Common patterns include “was exonerated by the investigation,” “was exonerated after new evidence emerged,” and “evidence exonerated him.” Unlike pardoned, it normally indicates that the person was cleared of guilt, not merely forgiven.
例文
He was exonerated after new evidence appeared.
新しい証拠が出たあと、彼は免罪されました。
The employee was exonerated by the investigation.
その従業員は調査によって潔白が証明されました。
She felt relieved when she was finally exonerated.
ついに免罪されたとき、彼女はほっとしました。
exonerated の類義語・関連語
exonerated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語のex-（外へ）とonus（重荷）に由来し、「負担を下ろす」が語源です。同語根にonus（責務）やonerous（骨の折れる）があります。「罪や非難という重荷を肩から外す」というイメージから、免罪の意味にすんなり納得できるでしょう。
Exonerated is formed by adding the past-tense suffix -ed to exonerate. Exonerate comes through Latin exonerare, built from ex-, meaning “out of” or “away from,” and onus, meaning “burden” or “load.” Its literal sense was to unload or relieve a burden. English extended this physical image to the removal of blame, an accusation, or legal responsibility. Onus and onerous preserve the same historical idea of a burden.
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