expiation
償い
解説 Definition
償いは罪や過ちに対する懺悔と修復の行為です。謝罪や行動を通じてその責任を果たすことを意味します。
Expiation is the act of making up for something wrong or sinful that someone has done. It often involves suffering, sacrifice, or some serious effort to repair moral guilt. This word is formal and is common in religious, moral, or literary contexts.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
expiation は expiate の名詞形で、まず動詞の「罪を償う」を軸に覚えると定着しやすいです。ex- を「外へ・取り除く」、-tion を「行為・結果」と見て、「罪や汚れを外へ出して清め直す行為」とつかむのがコツ。単なる apology は「謝る」、compensation は「損失を埋める」ですが、expiation は sin, guilt, wrongdoing に向かう道徳的・宗教的に重い償いです。atonement と近いものの、こちらは過ちそのものを清める感覚がやや強く、an act of expiation などの形で出ると覚えやすいです。
Start from the verb `expiate`, then add `-tion` for the act or result. Think of `ex-` as "out" or "remove": expiation is like pushing guilt or sin out and cleaning it away. It often appears with words like `sin`, `guilt`, or `wrongdoing`, so connect it with serious moral payment, not just a simple apology.
例文
The criminal's expiation involved years of community service.
犯人の償いは数年の社会奉仕を伴いました。
In religious contexts, expiation often requires ritual or sacrifice.
宗教的文脈では、償いはしばしば儀式または犠牲を必要とします。
She sought expiation for her past mistakes through good deeds.
彼女は善行を通じて過去の過ちの償いを求めました。
expiation の類義語・関連語
expiation の語源・成り立ち Etymology
expiation はラテン語 expiare「償って清める」から来て、ex- と piare「なだめる・浄める」に分けられる。同根語に pious と impious がある。単なる弁償でなく、過ちで乱れた状態を儀礼的に清め直す感覚が「償い」に残る。
Expiation comes from Latin expiare, meaning to make amends or cleanse from guilt. It is built from ex- and piare, "to appease" or "purify," and it is related to pious and impious. The meaning grew from the idea of ritually clearing away moral or religious stain, not just paying back a debt.
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