flem
痰 / 粘液
解説 Definition
フレム；粘液。
Flem is a nonstandard or simplified spelling of phlegm, the thick mucus produced in the respiratory passages, especially during illness or inflammation. It may collect in the airways and provoke coughing, but phlegm is the conventional spelling in formal English.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
flem は標準綴り phlegm「痰・粘液」を発音に近く書いた異綴りで、意味も発音も phlegm と同じ。phlegm では ph が /f/、語末の g は発音されないため /flem/ となる。flem buildup、flem in the airways の場面を思い浮かべ、正式な文章では phlegm を選ぶ。
Connect flem directly with the standard spelling phlegm. They represent the same pronunciation and the same substance: thick respiratory mucus that can build up in the airways and cause coughing. The simplified form reflects the sound, because ph is pronounced /f/ and the g in phlegm is silent, producing /flem/. Phrases such as flem buildup or flem production therefore correspond to the more formally written phlegm buildup and phlegm production. Use the short spelling as a recognition aid, but choose phlegm in standard medical, academic, or edited writing.
例文
Flem accumulates in airways.
フレムは気道に蓄積する。
The flem buildup causes coughing.
そのフレムの蓄積はせきを引き起こす。
Flem production increases with illness.
フレム産生は病気で増加する。
flem の類義語・関連語
flem の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ギリシャ語 phlegma（炎・炎症）が語源で、動詞 phlegein（燃やす）に由来。古代四体液説で「冷たい体液＝粘液」を指すようになり意味が変化した。関連語: phlegm（痰）、phlegmatic（冷静な）。「燃焼」から「粘液」へ意味が反転した珍しい語。
Flem is a phonetic or nonstandard spelling of phlegm and therefore shares its history. Phlegm came through Old French and Latin from Greek phlegma, originally referring to inflammation or a bodily humor, from phlegein, meaning “to burn.” In ancient humoral theory, phlegm became the name of the cold, moist humor and later developed the modern sense of respiratory mucus. The spelling flem removes historical letters not heard in the modern pronunciation.
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