had を覚えるポイント・使い方
had は have の過去形で、「持っていた」など、過去の所有や状態を表します。I had、she had のように、主語が変わっても同じ形を使います。
持っていた物は had の後ろに置きます。数えられる物が一つなら、had a bicycle のように a などを付けます。
I had a red bicycle when I was a child.
子どものころ、赤い自転車を持っていた。
持っていた
解説 Definition
haveの過去形で、過去に何かを持っていたことや、過去の経験・状態を表す。
The past-tense form of have, used to say that someone possessed something or that a person or thing experienced, contained, or was characterized by something in the past. Its form is the same with every subject.
使い方 Usage
- 主語にかかわらず had を使う。I had、she had、they had のように形は変わらない。 Use had with every subject: I had, she had, and they had all use the same form.
- had a car「車を持っていた」、had a cold「風邪をひいていた」、had time「時間があった」のように使う。 Common expressions include had a car for possession, had a cold for a past condition, and had time for available time.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
have「持っている」を過去にした形が had。「過去の時点で手元や身の上にあった」と考えると、物・体調・時間の表現をまとめて覚えられる。
Had is the past form of have. Picture something that belonged to, affected, or was available to someone in the past to connect possession, health, and time expressions.
例文
I had a red bicycle when I was a child.
子どものころ、赤い自転車を持っていた。
She had a bad cold last week.
彼女は先週ひどい風邪をひいていた。
We had enough time to catch the train.
電車に間に合うだけの時間があった。
had の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 habban「持つ、所有する」の過去形 hæfde に由来します。長い音変化を経て had となり、現代英語では主語に関係なく have の過去形として使われます。過去完了を作る助動詞でもあります。
Had descends from Old English hæfde, the past-tense form of habban, meaning to have, hold, or possess. Historical sound changes and the loss of inflectional endings produced the modern short form. Unlike many present-tense verbs, had does not vary with person or number. It also serves as an auxiliary in the past perfect, although the target sense here is its ordinary past-tense use for possession, experience, or state.
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