herring
ニシン
解説 Definition
「ニシン」とは、北大西洋や北太平洋に広く生息する小型の海水魚で、世界中で重要な食用魚として知られています。群れを作って泳ぐ習性があり、大規模な漁業の対象となっています。塩漬けや燻製、酢漬けなど様々な調理法で食べられ、特にヨーロッパや北欧の食文化に欠かせない魚です。
A herring is a small, silvery sea fish that typically swims in large schools in the North Atlantic or North Pacific. It is commercially important and is commonly eaten pickled, salted, or smoked, especially in northern European cuisines.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
herring は「ニシン」という魚名としてそのまま定着させたい語です。北海や北大西洋で大きな群れを作って泳ぎ、酢漬け・燻製・塩漬けで食卓に上がる小魚を思い浮かべると覚えやすいです。pickled herring, smoked herring, a school of herring の形で覚えると、料理にも漁にも出る魚名だとつかめます。apartment のような住まいの語義とは無関係なので、綴りを見たら「群れで泳ぐ銀色のニシン」と結びつけておきましょう。
Fix herring in memory as the small silver fish that moves through northern seas in very large schools. Connect the word with three familiar food combinations: pickled herring, smoked herring, and salted herring. For its behavior, learn a school of herring, which evokes many fish swimming together rather than a single large fish. These culinary and marine images distinguish herring from similar food fish such as sardines and anchovies. The usual plural can be herring when referring collectively, as in a large catch of herring.
例文
Pickled herring is a traditional dish enjoyed in Scandinavian countries.
酢漬けニシンはスカンジナビア諸国で親しまれる伝統料理だ。
The fishermen caught a large school of herring near the coast.
漁師たちは沿岸近くで大きなニシンの群れを捕まえた。
Smoked herring has a strong, distinctive flavor that pairs well with dark bread.
燻製ニシンは強くて独特の風味があり、黒パンとよく合う。
herring の類義語・関連語
派生語
紛らわしい語
herring の語源・成り立ち Etymology
herring は古英語 hǣring に由来し、語源はゲルマン祖語 *haringaz とされる。大群で泳ぐ魚なので「群れ・軍勢」に結びつく語と考えられることがあり、ニシンという魚名の感覚が見える。関連語にドイツ語 Hering、オランダ語 haring。
Herring descends from Old English hǣring and has close relatives in other Germanic languages, including German Hering and Dutch haring. These forms are traced to a reconstructed Germanic fish name. The deeper origin is uncertain; although the word has sometimes been associated with ideas of a crowd or army because herring swim in great schools, that explanation should be treated cautiously rather than as established fact.
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