infliction
（苦痛などを）加えること
解説 Definition
苦痛や損害、罰などを他者に与える行為のこと。
Infliction means the act of causing something unpleasant, such as pain, harm, or punishment. It is used in formal contexts when suffering is deliberately given to someone. It often appears in phrases like "the infliction of pain" or "the infliction of damage."
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
inflict を知っていれば、その名詞形が infliction です。まず「inflict pain / damage / punishment on ...（苦痛・損害・罰を与える）」という強い結びつきで覚えると、infliction も「そうした害を加えること」と自然につながります。damage や punishment そのものの名称ではなく、「相手に課す・与える行為」を指すのが核。the infliction of pain のような硬めの文脈で出やすく、見た目が似る infection と取り違えないよう注意すると定着しやすいです。
If you know `inflict`, this is the noun form. Remember strong collocations like `inflict pain`, `inflict damage`, or `inflict punishment`, then `infliction` becomes easy. Be careful not to mix it up with `infection`, which only looks similar.
例文
The infliction of unnecessary suffering on animals is condemned by modern ethical standards.
動物への不必要な苦痛の付与は、現代の倫理基準では非難される。
The court ruled that the infliction of such severe punishment was disproportionate to the crime.
裁判所は、そのような厳しい罰の付与は犯罪に対して不均衡であると判決を下した。
War inevitably involves the infliction of tremendous damage on civilian infrastructure.
戦争は必然的に民間のインフラへの甚大な損害をもたらす。
infliction の類義語・関連語
infliction の語源・成り立ち Etymology
infliction は in-「上に」+ flict「打つ」+ -ion。動詞 inflict はラテン語 infligere「打ちつける」に由来し、苦痛や罰を『相手に打ち込む』イメージがそのまま『加えること』になった。afflict や conflict も同じ flict 系。
Infliction comes from the verb inflict, which goes back to Latin infligere, "to strike against" or "dash upon." It is formed from in- "on, against" and a root meaning "to strike," plus the noun ending -ion. The image of striking something onto someone later became the more general idea of imposing pain, punishment, or hardship. Related words include afflict and conflict.
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