mishnah
ミシュナ
解説 Definition
ユダヤ教の口伝律法を集成した文献。タルムードの基礎となる重要な宗教文書。
The Mishnah is the foundational written compilation of Jewish oral law, organized by subject and completed around the early third century CE. It became the central text discussed in the rabbinic commentaries that, together with it, form the Talmuds.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
Mishnahはヘブライ語の「繰り返す・学ぶ」に関係し、口伝律法を反復して学び伝えた文書と結び付ける。the Mishnah、a passage from the Mishnahの形が典型。Mishnahが基本文書、その議論を含むより大きな集成がTalmudという位置関係で覚える。
Connect Mishnah with repeated study. Its Hebrew name belongs to a word family associated with repeating, reviewing, and learning, which suits a body of oral law preserved through recitation before being compiled in writing. Picture a student returning to the same legal teaching until it can be transmitted accurately. Useful expressions include study the Mishnah, a passage from the Mishnah, and Mishnaic law. Keep the textual relationship clear: the Mishnah is the foundational legal compilation, while the Gemara records later discussion of it; Mishnah and Gemara together constitute a Talmud.
例文
Scholars have studied the Mishnah for centuries to understand Jewish law.
学者たちはユダヤ法を理解するために何世紀にもわたってミシュナを研究してきた。
The Mishnah was compiled around 200 CE and forms the basis of the Talmud.
ミシュナは紀元200年頃に編纂され、タルムードの基礎を成している。
In his lecture, the rabbi explained a difficult passage from the Mishnah.
講義の中で、ラビはミシュナの難解な一節を解説した。
mishnah の類義語・関連語
派生語
mishnah の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ヘブライ語のמשנה（ミシュナー）に由来し、語根שנה（シャナー＝繰り返す）から派生。「繰り返し学ぶもの」が原義で、口伝律法を反復学習で伝承したことを反映する。関連語にmishnaic（ミシュナの）がある。ユダヤ教の口伝律法を集大成した文献を指す。
Mishnah is a transliteration of Hebrew mishnah, a noun connected with the Hebrew root sh-n-h, which can express repetition or repeated study. The name reflects the role of recitation and review in transmitting Jewish oral teachings. The text was compiled in its received form around 200 CE. The adjective Mishnaic means “relating to the Mishnah” and is formed in English from the same proper name.
同じレベルの英単語をもっと
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう