overthrown
打倒された
解説 Definition
overthrown は overthrow（打倒する、転覆させる）の過去分詞です。政府や支配者などが権力の座から倒された状態を表すときによく使われます。
Overthrown describes a ruler, leader, or government that has been forcibly removed from power. It is the past participle of overthrow and is commonly used before a noun or in a passive construction.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
overthrown は overthrow「打倒する」の過去分詞で、overthrow–overthrew–overthrown と不規則変化する。末尾の thrown は throw–threw–thrown と同じで、発音は /ˌoʊvərˈθroʊn/。an overthrown king のように名詞の前に置き、権力の座からすでに倒された状態を表すと覚える。
Start with the irregular verb overthrow: overthrow–overthrew–overthrown. Its final part follows exactly the same pattern as throw–threw–thrown, so overthrown is not formed with -ed. Pronounce its ending like thrown, /θroʊn/. Picture a ruler being pushed out of the position “over” a country. In an overthrown king or an overthrown government, the word describes someone or something already removed from power. Deposed is a close synonym, while defeated can describe losing without necessarily losing an official position.
例文
The overthrown king lived quietly in another country.
打倒された王は別の国で静かに暮らしました。
Many records from the overthrown government were later found.
打倒された政府の多くの記録が後に見つかりました。
The overthrown leader refused to speak to reporters.
打倒された指導者は記者たちに話すことを拒みました。
overthrown の類義語・関連語
類義語
対義語
紛らわしい語
overthrown の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語の接頭辞over-（～を超えて）と動詞throw（投げる）の過去分詞から成る。字義通り「上に投げ飛ばす」が転じ、政権や相手を「上から覆し、完全に倒す」意味で定着した。同語根の関連語にthrowがある。
Overthrown is the past participle of overthrow, a compound of over and throw. The verb developed in Middle English from the physical idea of throwing something down or turning it upside down. It later acquired the political sense of removing a ruler or government from power. Its irregular form comes from throw, whose principal parts are throw, threw, and thrown; adding over does not change that inherited pattern.
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