overthrew
打倒した
解説 Definition
overthrew は overthrow（打倒する、転覆させる）の過去形です。政府や支配者などを力によって倒したことを表し、比喩的に制度や計画を覆した場合にも使われます。
The simple past form of “overthrow,” meaning that someone or something removed a ruler, government, or established system from power, usually by force or organized action. It can also refer more broadly to defeating or overturning something dominant.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
overthrew は overthrow「打倒する」の不規則な過去形で、throw–threw–thrown と同じ母音変化をします。発音は overthrow /ˌoʊvərˈθroʊ/ に対し overthrew /ˌoʊvərˈθruː/。the rebels overthrew the regime のように、反乱軍や運動が政権・指導者を実際に倒した過去の出来事と結び付けます。
Build overthrew from overthrow and the familiar irregular pattern throw–threw–thrown. The past tense changes the stressed vowel: overthrow ends like throw, while overthrew ends like threw, with the long “oo” sound. Picture a completed historical event: rebels overthrew a regime, a movement overthrew a corrupt leader, or an army overthrew a government. The object is usually a ruler, government, regime, or established order, so the verb is stronger than ordinary defeat. Keep overthrown for the past participle: “They overthrew it,” but “It was overthrown.”
例文
The rebels overthrew the old regime after months of fighting.
反乱軍は数か月の戦闘の末、旧体制を打倒しました。
A popular movement overthrew the corrupt leader.
大衆運動が腐敗した指導者を打倒しました。
The army overthrew the government and took control of the capital.
軍が政府を打倒し、首都を掌握しました。
overthrew の類義語・関連語
overthrew の語源・成り立ち Etymology
overthrew は overthrow の過去形で、over は古英語 ofer「上へ・ひっくり返して」、throw は古英語由来の『投げる』にさかのぼります。原義は『上から倒す、ひっくり返す』で、そこから相手や政権を打倒する意味へ広がり、throw や overturn が関連語です。
Overthrew is the irregular simple past of overthrow and follows the same vowel change as throw becoming threw. Overthrow is a compound of over and throw. It originally conveyed the physical idea of throwing or turning something over, then developed the figurative sense of bringing a person, government, or system down from power. The modern political meaning preserves this image of forcefully reversing an established order.
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