oxidase
オキシダーゼ
解説 Definition
oxidase は、酸化反応を触媒する酵素であるオキシダーゼという意味です。生化学や医学検査で使われる専門語で、日本語のカタカナ語とほぼ同じ意味で使われます。
An oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes an oxidation reaction, commonly by transferring electrons from a substance to an electron acceptor such as oxygen. The term is used in biochemistry and in diagnostic tests for identifying certain bacteria.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
oxidase は oxid-「酸化」＋酵素名を作る -ase という透明な構成です。発音は語尾を「エイス」ではなく /eɪs/ を含む形で意識します。oxidase activity、oxidase test、cytochrome oxidase などの組み合わせで、酸化反応や電子移動を助ける酵素として覚えましょう。
Divide oxidase into oxid-, associated with oxidation, and -ase, the standard ending found in many enzyme names. This structure immediately signals “an enzyme involved in oxidation.” Connect it with the phrases oxidase activity, oxidase test, and cytochrome oxidase. In a laboratory, an oxidase test detects particular enzyme activity and can help distinguish certain bacteria. Remember that an oxidase is the enzyme itself, whereas oxidation is the chemical process it catalyzes. The shared oxid- element also connects the word with oxide, oxidize, and oxidative.
例文
The lab measured oxidase activity in the bacterial sample.
研究室は細菌サンプル中のオキシダーゼ活性を測定しました。
This oxidase helps the cell transfer electrons during metabolism.
このオキシダーゼは、代謝の過程で細胞が電子を移すのを助けます。
A positive oxidase test can help identify certain bacteria.
オキシダーゼ試験が陽性であれば、特定の細菌の判定に役立つことがあります。
oxidase の類義語・関連語
類義語
紛らわしい語
oxidase の語源・成り立ち Etymology
フランス語 oxide（酸化物）＋接尾辞 -ase（酵素を示す）から。oxide はギリシャ語 oxys（鋭い・酸っぱい）に由来し、oxygen（酸素）と同根。-ase はジアスターゼ（diastase）に倣い酵素名に広く使われる接尾辞。酸化反応を触媒する酵素群の総称。
Oxidase was formed from oxide or oxidation-related oxid- plus the enzyme-forming suffix -ase. Oxide ultimately belongs to the same historical word group as oxygen, whose name was built from Greek oxys, “sharp” or “acid,” and a word-forming element meaning “producer.” The suffix -ase spread through biochemical terminology after being modeled on diastase, the name of an enzyme. Oxidase consequently denotes an enzyme associated with oxidation reactions.
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