saying
言ってる
解説 Definition
saying は say（言う）の現在分詞・動名詞です。ここでは「言っている」という進行中の発話を表し、何を話しているかを示す文でよく使います。
The present participle and gerund of say, used here to describe the act of speaking particular words or expressing something that is in progress. It often follows a form of be or appears after a verb of perception such as hear.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 say に -ing を付けた形で、語末の y は変えず saying と書きます。発音では say の二重母音を保ち、「今まさに言っている」場面を be saying や hear someone saying ... と結び付けます。名詞 saying「ことわざ」もありますが、ここでは What are you saying? の進行中の発話です。
Connect saying with the base verb say and keep the y when adding -ing: say becomes saying, not “saing.” In this entry, picture speech happening at the moment, as in What are you saying? or She is saying hello. It can also follow a perception verb: I hear him saying my name. Remember that saying can separately be a noun meaning a proverb or familiar expression, but the examples here use the participial form for an ongoing act of speaking.
例文
What are you saying?
何を言っているのですか。
She is saying hello.
彼女はこんにちはと言っています。
I hear him saying my name.
彼が私の名前を言っているのが聞こえます。
saying の類義語・関連語
saying の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 secgan（「言う、述べる」）に由来し、ゲルマン祖語 *sagjanan にさかのぼる。ラテン語の同根語はないが、古ノルド語 segja と同源。名詞 saying は「言い習わし、格言」の意味を持ち、say の現在分詞が名詞化したもの。関連語に saga（物語）がある。
Saying is formed from say plus -ing. Say comes from Old English secgan, meaning to speak, tell, or declare, and is related to Old Norse segja. These forms go back to a Germanic verbal root associated with telling. The noun saying later developed the specialized meaning of a familiar expression or proverb, but the form in this entry retains the verbal sense of speaking words.
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