spilling
こぼれる
解説 Definition
spilling は spill（こぼれる、こぼす）の現在分詞・動名詞です。液体や中身が容器の外へ出る動作、またはそれを起こす状態を表します。
Spilling is the present-participle and gerund form of spill. It refers to liquid, small objects, or other contents flowing or falling unintentionally out of a container, or to causing this to happen.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
spilling は spill「こぼす・こぼれる」の現在分詞・動名詞です。短母音の後に子音 l があるため l を重ねて -ing を付け、発音は /ˈspɪlɪŋ/。water spilling from a glass、spill coffee on the desk のように、from は出所、on/onto はこぼれた先を示します。容器から中身が意図せず外へ出る場面を思い浮かべましょう。
Spilling comes from spill, meaning that contents escape from a container or that someone causes them to escape. The l is doubled before -ing: spill becomes spilling, pronounced /ˈspɪlɪŋ/. Picture water crossing the edge of a glass; that boundary-crossing scene captures the core meaning. Learn the prepositions with the action: water spilling from a glass identifies the source, while coffee spilling on or onto a desk identifies the destination. Spilling can be part of a continuous verb phrase, as in was spilling, or a participle describing the result of another event, as in the bag broke, spilling rice.
例文
Water was spilling from the glass.
コップから水がこぼれていました。
She stopped the coffee from spilling on the desk.
彼女はコーヒーが机にこぼれるのを止めました。
The bag broke, spilling rice onto the floor.
袋が破れて、米が床にこぼれました。
spilling の類義語・関連語
類義語
対義語
派生語
紛らわしい語
spilling の語源・成り立ち Etymology
spillingはspillの現在分詞形で、spillは古英語spillan「滅ぼす・無駄にする」から来て、さらにゲルマン祖語をへて「裂く・ちぎる」という印欧祖語に結びつきます。中世以降に「外へこぼす」の意味が育ち、液体が容器の境を破って外へ出る感じが、今の「こぼれる」に納得を与えます。関連語はspillage、spilloverです。
Spilling is the -ing form of spill, created by retaining the doubled l and adding -ing. Spill is an old Germanic verb represented by Old English spillan, whose earlier senses included destroying, wasting, or causing loss. During the history of English, it developed the familiar meaning of letting liquid or other contents escape from a container. The modern noun spillage and compound spillover are built from the same verb and preserve the central image of material passing beyond its intended limit.
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