wainwright
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解説 Definition
wainwright は、昔の英語で「荷馬車や馬車を作る職人」を指す名詞です。現代では主に姓として見られますが、語そのものは車大工という職業名に由来します。
A wainwright is a craftsperson who makes or repairs wagons and carts, especially wooden ones. The word is chiefly historical today, although it also survives as an English surname derived from the occupation.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
wain は古風な「荷馬車」、wright は「物を作る職人」なので、語を二つに分けて「荷馬車を作る職人」と覚えます。現代の姓 Wainwright もこの職業名に由来します。playwright「劇作家」や shipwright「造船工」と並べると、wright が作り手を表すことも定着します。
Break wainwright into wain and wright. A wain is an old word for a wagon, while a wright is a skilled maker or builder. A wainwright is therefore literally a wagon maker, the craftsperson who once built or repaired wooden carts for a village. Connect the second part with playwright, a maker of plays, and shipwright, a builder of ships. The occupational meaning also explains why Wainwright is now commonly encountered as a surname.
例文
The village wainwright repaired the farmer's wooden cart.
村の車大工は農夫の木製の荷車を修理した。
Before factories, a skilled wainwright was important in many towns.
工場ができる前は、熟練した車大工が多くの町で重要だった。
The old record lists his occupation as a wainwright.
その古い記録には、彼の職業が車大工と記されている。
wainwright の類義語・関連語
wainwright の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語の「wæn（荷車）」と「wyrhta（職人）」が組み合わさった語源を持つ。後者は「work（働く）」と同源のゲルマン語根から来ており、文字通り「荷車を作る職人」を意味する。同根の接尾辞-wrightはplaywright（劇作家）やshipwright（造船工）にも使われる。
Wainwright comes from Old English elements meaning “wagon” and “maker.” Wain descends from Old English wægn or related forms for a wagon or cart. Wright comes from Old English wyrhta, a worker or maker, and is historically related to work. The compound thus literally named a person who constructed wagons. Like many English occupational terms, it later became established as a surname. The same wright element appears in playwright and shipwright.
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