burglary
強盗
解説 Definition
burglary は、盗みなどを目的として建物に不法に侵入する犯罪を指す名詞です。人に直接暴力や脅しを加えて奪う robbery とは異なり、侵入そのものや侵入を伴う窃盗に重点があります。
Burglary is the crime of unlawfully entering a building or other premises with the intention of committing a crime there, typically theft. Unlike robbery, it does not necessarily involve confronting, threatening, or using force against a person.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
burglaryはburglar「建物に不法侵入する泥棒」＋行為を表す-yで、犯罪そのものを指します。break into a store at nightという典型場面を結び付けましょう。robberyは人への暴力・脅迫による強奪、theftは窃盗全般で、burglaryは盗みなどを意図した建物への不法侵入が中心です。
Build the meaning from burglar, a person who unlawfully enters premises to commit a crime, plus -y, which names the offense or activity. Picture someone breaking into a closed store at night; the unlawful entry is central to burglary. Keep it separate from theft, the broad act of taking property without permission, and robbery, which involves taking property through force or threats against a person. A burglary may occur while nobody is home, as in the example involving stolen laptops. Useful combinations include commit burglary, be arrested for burglary, a burglary alarm, and prevent burglary.
例文
The police arrested two people for burglary after a store was broken into at night.
夜に店へ侵入された後、警察は強盗の容疑で2人を逮捕した。
The family installed a new alarm system to prevent burglary.
その家族は強盗を防ぐために新しい警報装置を取り付けた。
No one was home during the burglary, but several laptops were stolen.
強盗の間、家には誰もいなかったが、ノートパソコンが数台盗まれた。
burglary の類義語・関連語
burglary の語源・成り立ち Etymology
burglaryはburglar『押し入り盗人』＋-yでできた語で、-yは行為や状態を名詞化する接尾辞です。burglarはアングロ・フランス語の法律語を経て中世ラテン語系にさかのぼり、関連語burglarizeと合わせて見ると、『侵入して盗む行為そのもの』がburglaryだと分かります。
Burglary was formed from burglar with the noun-forming suffix -y, denoting the associated act or offense. Burglar entered English through Anglo-French legal vocabulary and is connected with Medieval Latin forms used for a person who broke into a house. Although legal definitions have changed across jurisdictions and periods, the word has consistently been associated with criminal intrusion into premises.
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