caspian
カスピアン
解説 Definition
中央アジアとヨーロッパの間に位置するカスピ海に関連する語。世界最大の湖であるカスピ海やその周辺地域を指す。
Relating to the Caspian Sea, the large enclosed body of water between Europe and Central Asia, or to the surrounding region. The word appears especially in geographical names and expressions describing local wildlife, resources, and cultures.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
通常は Caspian と大文字で書き、Caspian Sea「カスピ海」を中心に覚えます。語尾 -ian は「〜に属する、〜に関係する」を示す形で、Caspian sturgeon「カスピ海のチョウザメ」、Caspian region「カスピ海地域」のように使います。海という名でも、地理上は世界最大の湖である点も語義の手掛かりです。
Learn Caspian through the fixed geographical name the Caspian Sea. Although called a sea, it is an enclosed inland body of water and is commonly described as the world’s largest lake. The ending -ian often marks a connection with a place or group, so Caspian means “connected with the Caspian Sea or its region.” Useful combinations include Caspian sturgeon, Caspian coastline, Caspian basin, and Caspian region. Because it is derived from a proper geographical name, write it with a capital C in normal English.
例文
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth.
カスピ海は地球上で最大の内陸水域です。
Caspian sturgeon produce some of the world's finest caviar.
カスピ海のチョウザメは世界最高級のキャビアを産出します。
Five countries share the coastline of the Caspian Sea.
5カ国がカスピ海の沿岸を共有しています。
caspian の類義語・関連語
派生語
紛らわしい語
caspian の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古代ペルシャ語の部族名に遡り、ギリシャ語・ラテン語経由で「Caspianus」の形となりました。接尾辞「-ian」が「～に属する」意味を添えることで、部族の居住域が「カスピ海」の名称へ自然に転じました。同語根に「Caspian basin」や「Caspian tiger」が派生しています。
Caspian ultimately reflects the name of the ancient Caspi people, who lived near the southwestern shores of the body of water now called the Caspian Sea. Their name passed through Greek and Latin geographical usage, including Latin Caspius and related forms. The English form uses the place-related ending -ian. Its historical development therefore connects an ancient people with the sea and surrounding region that later carried their name.
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