commissariat
兵站部・糧食部
解説 Definition
軍隊における食料や物資の調達・補給を担当する部門。
Commissariat is the department or system responsible for supplying food, equipment, and other necessities, especially for an army. It is mainly used in military and historical contexts. The word refers to support and logistics rather than fighting itself.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
commission / commissioner の仲間だと置くと覚えやすい。どれも「任務を受けて処理する」側の語で、commissariat はそこから一歩進んで、軍で食料・物資の手配を一括管理する部署。兵士そのものではなく、front line の後ろで supply line を切らさない裏方だと映像で持つと残る。commissary（売店・補給係）と近いので一緒に整理し、command 部門ではなく補給部門だと対比して覚えると混同しにくい。
Link `commissariat` with `commission`, `commissioner`, and `commissary`. These words suggest assigned duties and organized management. `Commissariat` is best remembered as the support side of the military, especially food and supplies, not the fighting line. Picture the system that keeps the supply line moving.
例文
The commissariat struggled to supply the troops during the harsh winter campaign.
兵站部は厳しい冬の軍事行動中に部隊への補給に苦労した。
Napoleon's commissariat was responsible for feeding hundreds of thousands of soldiers.
ナポレオンの糧食部は数十万人の兵士への食料供給を担当していた。
A well-organized commissariat is essential for any large-scale military operation.
よく組織された兵站部は、あらゆる大規模軍事作戦に不可欠である。
commissariat の類義語・関連語
commissariat の語源・成り立ち Etymology
commissariat はフランス語経由で、ラテン語 committere「委ねる」に由来する commiss- を含む語。com-「共に」+ mittere「送る」からでき、commission や commit も同根。補給を“任された”部局だと分かると、兵站部の意味が見えやすい。
Commissariat came into English through French and contains the same root as commission and commit. It goes back to Latin committere, made from com- "together" and mittere "to send" or "entrust." The sense developed from something being entrusted to someone, and then to an office or department given responsibility, especially for supplies or administration.
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう